Acta Geographica Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (2): 365-381.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202002011
• Agriculture and Rural Development • Previous Articles Next Articles
TU Shuangshuang1,2, ZHENG Yuhan2,3, LONG Hualou2,3(), WAN Shimeng4, LIANG Xiaoli4, WANG Wei4
Received:
2019-10-14
Revised:
2020-01-08
Online:
2020-02-25
Published:
2020-04-25
Contact:
LONG Hualou
E-mail:longhl@igsnrr.ac.cn
Supported by:
TU Shuangshuang, ZHENG Yuhan, LONG Hualou, WAN Shimeng, LIANG Xiaoli, WANG Wei. Spatio-temporal pattern of rural development and restructuring and regional path of rural vitalization in Guangxi, China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(2): 365-381.
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Tab. 1
The evaluation index system of rural development level
维度 | 指标层 | 计算方法 | 属性 |
---|---|---|---|
经济发展 | 地区人均经济总量 | 地区生产总值/总人口 | 正指标 |
农民收入水平 | 农民人均纯收入 | 正指标 | |
产业结构 | 二三产业增加值/地区生产总值 | 正指标 | |
社会发展 | 医疗卫生条件 | 医疗卫生机构床位数/总人口 | 正指标 |
电力设施水平 | 乡村用电量/总人口 | 正指标 | |
通讯设施水平 | (固定电话户数+互联网宽带接入用户)/总人口 | 正指标 | |
路网密度 | 公路里程/土地面积 | 正指标 | |
空间利用 | 农村居民点利用效率 | 农村居民点用地面积/乡村人口 | 逆指标 |
耕地利用效率 | 粮食产量/耕地面积 | 正指标 | |
二三产业用地效率 | 二三产业增加值/(城镇建设用地+工矿交通等其他建设用地) | 正指标 |
Tab. 2
Statistics of rural development level in Guangxi in 2000 and 2015
类别 | 2000年 | 2015年 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
经济 | 社会 | 空间 | 综合 | 经济 | 社会 | 空间 | 综合 | ||
均值 | 0.095 | 0.043 | 0.351 | 0.163 | 0.374 | 0.251 | 0.365 | 0.330 | |
标准偏差 | 0.053 | 0.015 | 0.100 | 0.036 | 0.161 | 0.098 | 0.100 | 0.079 | |
偏度系数(Skewness) | 1.032 | 2.612 | -1.259 | -0.559 | 1.105 | 1.866 | -0.886 | 1.567 | |
峰值系数(Kurtosis) | 2.404 | 12.433 | 2.315 | 2.070 | 2.138 | 3.904 | 2.031 | 4.069 |
Tab. 3
Regional path of rural vitalization
区域 | 区域特征 | 振兴路径 |
---|---|---|
桂南 | 北部湾经济区,国家重点开发区域;地形平坦,资源环境承载力强,可利用土地资源丰富;人口相对集聚,经济发展水平较高;中心城市带动能力较强;交通优势度高;土地利用集约度不高。 | 以发展高新技术产业和现代服务业为核心吸引生产要素集聚,发挥城市对乡村腹地的辐射带动作用;鼓励城市资本、人口流向乡村地区,加快发展都市农业、乡村旅游业、设施农业和农产品加工业,推动乡村一二三产业融合发展;加快沿边地区口岸建设、国际物流建设、进出口加工及商贸旅游业发展,发展开放型经济;依托土地综合整治,优化农村居民点体系布局,加强生活空间集约利用;引导工业园区化布局,提高土地利用强度和产出效率;推动统筹城乡综合配套改革试点建设,探索建立城乡一体的教育、医疗等公共服务体系和社会保障体系。 |
桂中 | 平原、丘陵、盆地、喀斯特石山夹杂分布;经济基础较好,工业实力较强,人口和产业集聚能力强;粮食、糖蔗、柑橘、木薯主产区;资源环境承载力较好;交通优势度较高。 | 推进中心城市部分工业生产职能向周边县域及乡村腹地转移;巩固粮食、糖蔗等优势主产区地位,发展特色高效农业;加快土地流转,推动农业适度规模经营;加强水利设施配套,推广高效节水灌溉,提高农业综合生产能力,实施田、水、路、林、村综合整治;开发民族文化旅游资源,积极发展乡村经济新业态;推进退耕还林、小流域治理、矿山综合修复等生态工程。 |
桂北 | 岩溶地貌连片分布,地形条件复杂;城镇化水平较低;粮食、柑橘主产区;旅游文化资源丰富,旅游产业发达;生态系统类型多样,生态功能较强。 | 提高中心城市承载力和综合服务功能,发挥对乡村地域的产业辐射和人口集聚作用;挖掘乡村多元价值,依托大桂林旅游圈,推动农业与休闲经济、观光产业有机结合,打造旅游主导产业;培育食用菌、油茶等特色高效农业和农产品加工业,促进农业规模化、产业化、标准化建设;加快中低产田改造,完善农业基础设施配套;优化乡村生活空间,推动偏远山区移民搬迁;保护乡村特色风貌和传统民族村落;加强南岭山地片区植被修复和生物多样性保护。 |
桂东 | 华南和珠三角地区经济辐射的重要腹地;地形条件相对平坦,耕作条件较好;城镇化水平不高,东北片区社会经济发展滞后;粮食、糖蔗、荔枝、龙眼、木薯等主产区。 | 依托珠江—西江经济带和粤桂合作特别试验区建设,承接东部地区产业转移并辐射乡村腹地;实施中低产田改良和高标准基本农田建设,推动土地流转和农业规模化、机械化经营;开展农村建设用地整治和乡村聚落空间整合,推进乡村工业园区化;建设现代农业示范区和商品粮基地,发展特色种养业和现代高效农业,加快特色农产品良种繁育基地、规模种植基地和精深加工基地建设,打造现代农业示范区。 |
桂西 | 地貌类型复杂多样,石漠化集中分布;重点生态功能区,革命老区,边疆地区,民族地区,贫困地区;基础设施薄弱,交通优势度低;矿产资源丰富;桂西南为糖蔗、木薯主产区。 | 提升小城镇、重点镇对人口和产业的集聚功能;适度开发矿产资源,建设百色铝产业、崇左锰产业和河池有色金属产业示范基地;引导农业结构调整,开展优质、生态特色农产品的种植和加工,建设亚热带特色农业基地、南菜北运蔬菜基地;将旅游业与生态环境、红色文化、民俗和养生健康产业有机结合;引导地质灾害多发区和生态环境脆弱区居民集中安置;开展生物多样性和水资源保护,加强污染土地的整治修复,实施石漠化综合治理工程和退耕还林工程,加强红水河流域植被恢复和水土流失治理。 |
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