创意再生视域宁波老工业区绅士化动力机制

doi:10.11821/dlxb201904012

Abstract

Abstract:

At the same time as the gentrification movement has increasingly become a mean of urban renewal in some cities around the world, the connotation of the gentrification theory has been greatly enriched, and it has attracted the attention by different disciplines such as geography, planning, and management. In particular, with the rise of the cultural and creative industries in the 1990s, the renovation of old industrial zones led by creative parks has become one of the most important strategies for urban renewal, industrial upgrading and urban marketing, similar to the Western society's gentrification. And how to analyze the logic behind this phenomenon and reveal the dynamic mechanism of gentrification in the old industrial districts has become a research hotspot and difficulty in the study of gentrification and urban planning in the 21st century. In this article the Ningbo Hefeng Creative Plaza was chosen as case, questionnaires and interview data were used and the rooted theory and structural equation model were applied to construct and verify the dynamic mechanism of gentrification in the old industrial districts covering space production, push-pull mode and creative clusters. The findings can be concluded here: (1) The creative restoration process of Hefeng Creative Plaza presents a typical gentrification phenomenon, with characteristics of the openness and multi-landscape dominated by high-end office buildings, privatization of thesettled enterprises, the characteristics of creative production factors and the externalization of production relations, as well as group characteristics of younger population, feelings of creativity and service-oriented, creativity and service-oriented. (2) The phenomenon of gentrification in Hefeng Creative Plaza is a social space replacement formed by the push-pull method under the production of space in the old industrial districts. That is, spatial fix is dominated by the production and reproduction relationships linked by capital, power, and creativity; The material space creation and creative practice of architectural planners and creative class form a spatial representation; Spatial representation promotes the endogenous development and evolution of creative clusters, catalyzes cultural consensus and identity based on cultural, ideal and emotional experiences, and sublimates into a representational space. the Logical path of "sensual recognition of local elements → rational constraints of capital elements and relationship forces → coordination of local elements, capital elements and relationship forces → feedback of relationship forces" has been formed, which has activated the spatial evolution of the old industrial areas. (3) The development of Hefeng Creative Cluster depends on the interaction of cultural atmosphere, office environment, economic location, government policy and social relationship network.

Key words: gentrification in the old industrial districts, creative fix, the production of space, creative clusters, Ningbo

Renfeng MA, Tengfei WANG, Wenzhong ZHANG. Gentrification mechanism of the old industrial districts in Ningbo from the perspective of creative regeneration[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(4): 780-796.

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访谈资料	初始概念	范畴
我也要看工资的啦,太少的话我也不会来这(HF-YG2-5)	考虑工资	工资
至于工资嘛,做的多挣得也就多啦,我感觉还好(HF-YG3-4)	工资还好	工资
……	……	……
我当初来得早,主要看中环境是由老厂房改造的,比较创意。(QY86-QYZ2-11) 我当初主要想找一个这种旧工厂改造的工作室(QY86-QYZ2-2)	老厂房	工业文化
园区是由工厂改建,园区有一些的旧工业设备,可以作为摄影创作的背景素材(QY86-YG1-4)	旧工业设备	工业文化

开放编码提取的范畴	主轴编码提取的范畴
开放编码提取的范畴	副范畴	主范畴
租差	经济区位因素	资本要素
基础设施
市场
工资岗位供给
优惠政策	制度因素
知识产权保护
技术培训
人才服务
朋友	社会关系网络因素	关系力量
同行交流
产业链合作
工业文化	文化氛围因素	地方元素
西方文化
中国传统文化
多元、包容性文化
噪音	办公环境因素
绿化
办公空间

	路径	R.W.	S.E.	C.R.	S.R.W.
和丰创意广场	制度→社会关系网络	0.327	0.083	8.136	0.346^***
	制度→经济区位	0.338	0.104	4.279	0.290^***
	文化氛围→社会关系网络	0.259	0.076	10.217	0.217^***
	文化氛围→经济区位	0.415	0.147	7.625	0.428^***
	文化氛围→办公环境	0.186	0.058	2.174	0.162^**
	办公环境→社会关系网络	0.217	0.136	1.523	0.230^**
	经济区位→社会关系网络	0.748	0.117	8.742	0.695^***

模型整体拟合度	拟合指标	拟合标准	测量值
绝对拟合度	x²	越小越好	36.542
	GMIN/DF	越小越好	0.703
	GFI	> 0.8	0.929
	RMR	< 0.1	0.028
	RMSEA	< 0.1	0.024
	ECVI	越小越好	1.070
相对拟合度	NFI	> 0.8	0.922
	AGFI	> 0.8	0.880
	RFI	> 0.8	0.882
	CFI	> 0.8	0.993
	IFI	> 0.8	0.993
精简拟合度	PNFI	0~1	0.609
	PGFI	0~1	0.549
	CAIC	越小越好	258.145
	AIC	越小越好	114.542

Gentrification mechanism of the old industrial districts in Ningbo from the perspective of creative regeneration

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