2001-2015年中国植被覆盖人为影响的时空格局

doi:10.11821/dlxb201903008

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on MODIS-NDVI and climate data, using an artificial influence model based on coefficient of variation to quantitatively calculate the human impact of vegetation cover(NDVI_H) in China from 2001 to 2015, Sen+Mann-Kendall model and Hurst index were used to analyze the spatial-temporal feature and the future trends. It was found that: (1) In the year from 2001 to 2015, the Spatial Differentiation of NDVI_H in China was more obvious from southern part to northern part, with an average annual mean value of -0.0102, the vegetation coverage decreased slightly under human activities, the negative impact area accounting for 51.59% which is slightly larger than the positive impact area. (2) The interannual variation of NDVI_H in China is obvious, showing the negative impact volatility decreased, the rate of decline is 0.5%/10a; among which the positive and negative effects all showed an increasing trend, the positive growth rate (0.3%/10a) is much larger than the negative impact (0.02%/10a). (3) During 2001-2015, the center of gravity of positive impact has moved to the northeast, the center of gravity of negative impact has moved to the southwest, vegetation cover in northeastern China has improved under the influence of mankind, and human activities in the southwest have increased the degree of vegetation destruction. (4) The proportion of "negative impact reduction" and "positive impact increase" trend of NDVI_H in China appeared to be the largest which accounting for 28.14% and 25.21% of the total, and the ecological environment is improving. (5) The reverse characteristics of NDVI_H change were stronger than the same characteristic in China, mainly showed a negative impact which decreased at the first and then increased with the rate of 15.59% of the total area.

Key words: vegetation cover, human impact, spatial distribution, trend

Jianbang WANG, Jun ZHAO, Chuanhua LI, Yu ZHU, Chongyang KANG, Chao GAO. The spatial-temporal patterns of the impact of human activities on vegetation coverage in China from 2001 to 2015[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(3): 504-519.

Figures/Tables 18

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影响程度	影响方向	像元数	百分比(%)	平均值
轻微	正	26214701	23.71	0.0225
轻微	负	29166196	26.38	-0.0274
一般	正	17031492	15.40	0.0742
一般	负	17851585	16.15	-0.0945
严重	正	7945142	7.19	0.1471
严重	负	7758665	7.02	-0.1909
剧烈	正	2333953	2.11	0.2614
剧烈	负	2266781	2.05	-0.3509
汇总	正	53525288	48.41	0.0679
汇总	负	57043227	51.59	-0.0835

地区	影响方向	影响程度(%)				汇总(%)	平均值
地区	影响方向	轻微	一般	严重	剧烈	汇总(%)	平均值
东北	正	25.54	14.84	7.37	1.82	49.57	0.0647	-0.0087
东北	负	24.63	17.29	7.51	1.00	50.43	-0.0809	-0.0087
华北	正	15.38	17.59	11.78	3.66	48.41	0.0911	-0.0070
华北	负	20.77	18.20	10.43	2.19	51.59	-0.0991	-0.0070
华东	正	20.80	20.84	14.35	0.67	56.67	0.0767	-0.0002
华东	负	18.82	14.71	6.64	3.16	43.33	-0.1008	-0.0002
华中	正	27.89	14.43	1.87	0.06	44.25	0.0434	-0.0240
华中	负	29.13	18.81	6.09	1.72	55.75	-0.0776	-0.0240
华南	正	33.19	11.82	0.93	0.06	45.99	0.0364	-0.0230
华南	负	32.78	13.91	4.80	2.52	54.01	-0.0737	-0.0230
西北	正	16.58	12.81	10.15	7.77	47.31	0.1062	0.0006
西北	负	22.05	19.19	9.51	1.95	52.69	-0.0941	0.0006
西南	正	29.55	12.79	1.67	0.03	44.03	0.0404	-0.0185
西南	负	34.54	16.03	4.11	1.28	55.97	-0.0647	-0.0185
青藏	正	21.67	19.05	9.87	1.37	51.96	0.0714	-0.0055
青藏	负	26.49	11.65	6.53	3.36	48.04	-0.0887	-0.0055

地区	人为影响方向	变化斜率		最大移动距离 (km)及年份	累计移动距离(km)
地区	人为影响方向	经度	纬度	最大移动距离 (km)及年份	累计移动距离(km)
东北	正	-0.0439	-0.0318	89.98 (2007-2008)	671.99
东北	负	0.0582	-0.0111	107.13 (2008-2009)	777.37
华北	正	-0.0042	0.0408	68.61 (2011-2012)	305.83
华北	负	0.0227	-0.0412	57.52 (2011-2012)	424.00
华东	正	-0.0157	-0.0205	54.00 (2002-2003)	255.27
华东	负	0.0262	-0.0033	34.86 (2006-2007)	248.45
华中	正	-0.0087	-0.0174	41.35 (2014-2015)	352.03
华中	负	-0.0084	0.0066	42.23 (2011-2012)	273.82
华南	正	0.0046	0.0158	22.66 (2006-2007)	220.37
华南	负	0.0148	0.0018	22.95 (2001-2002)	162.14
西北	正	0.0800	-0.0016	104.73 (2013-2014)	652.88
西北	负	-0.1562	0.0477	93.07 (2013-2014)	682.95
西南	正	0.0166	0.0169	72.76 (2004-2005)	518.00
西南	负	-0.0052	-0.0294	50.17 (2012-2013)	416.11
青藏	正	0.0174	-0.0041	55.81 (2008-2009)	389.45
青藏	负	-0.0237	0.0087	32.00 (2008-2009)	186.44

方向和趋势	显著性占比(%)				汇总(%)
方向和趋势	极显著	显著	弱显著	无显著	汇总(%)
正正(人为正影响增大)	3.74	3.48	1.92	16.07	25.21
正负(人为正影响减少)	1.81	2.92	1.86	16.60	23.20
负正(人为负影响减少)	3.90	4.18	2.31	17.75	28.14
负负(人为负影响增大)	2.63	3.08	1.82	15.92	23.45

未来演变趋势	像元数	百分比(%)
负负反(人为负影响由增强到减弱)	13752218	12.44
负负正(人为负影响持续增强)	12177833	11.01
负正反(人为负影响由减弱到增强)	17238359	15.59
负正正(人为负影响持续减弱)	13874817	12.55
正负反(人为正影响由减弱到增强)	13596465	12.30
正负正(人为正影响持续减弱)	12055554	10.90
正正反(人为正影响由增强到减弱)	14381320	13.01
正正正(人为正影响持续增强)	13491949	12.20

The spatial-temporal patterns of the impact of human activities on vegetation coverage in China from 2001 to 2015

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