Acta Geographica Sinica ›› 2016, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (1): 118-129.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201601009
• Coastal Zone • Previous Articles Next Articles
HOU Xiyong1,2(), HOU Wan1,2,3, WU Ting1,2,3
Received:
2015-08-15
Revised:
2015-12-18
Online:
2016-01-31
Published:
2016-01-15
Supported by:
HOU Xiyong,HOU Wan,WU Ting. Shape changes of major gulfs along the mainland of Chinasince the early 1940s[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(1): 118-129.
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Tab. 1
Major gulfs along the mainland of China
海区 | 海湾名称 | 数量 |
---|---|---|
渤海 | 营城子湾,金州湾,普兰店湾,董家口湾,葫芦山湾,复州湾,太平湾,锦州湾,渤海湾,莱州湾 | 10 |
黄海 | 青堆子湾,常江澳,窑湾,大连湾,套子湾,芝罘湾,四十里湾,双岛港,威海湾,朝阳港,荣成湾--俚岛湾,爱连湾,桑沟湾,石岛湾,靖海湾--五垒岛湾,险岛湾,乳山湾,丁字湾,横门湾,北湾(鳌山湾),崂山湾,沙子口湾,胶州湾,灵山湾,崔家潞,琅琊湾,海州湾 | 27 |
东海 | 长江口,杭州湾,象牙港,三门湾,浦坝港,涂茨--爵溪湾,门前涂湾,高湾--昌国湾,台州湾,隘顽湾,漩门湾,乐清湾,温州湾,大渔--鱼寮湾,沿浦湾,沙埕湾,福宁湾,三沙湾,罗源湾,福清湾,兴化湾,湄洲湾,泉州湾,围头湾--厦门港,佛昙湾,旧镇湾,东山湾,诏安湾,宫口湾 | 29 |
南海 | 汕头湾,海门湾,碣石湾,红海湾,大亚湾,大鹏湾,珠江口,广海湾,镇海湾,海陵湾--北津港,水东港,湛江港--雷州湾,安铺港,铁山港,廉州湾,大风江口,钦州湾,防城港,珍珠港 | 19 |
Tab. 2
Categories of gulf shoreline in China
代码 | 利用方式分类 | 说明 |
---|---|---|
1 | 丁坝与突堤岸线 | 丁坝:与海岸成一定角度向外伸出,具有保滩和挑流作用的护岸建筑物;突堤:一端与岸连接,一端伸入海中的实体防浪建筑物. |
2 | 港口码头岸线 | 港池与航运码头形成的岸线 |
3 | 围垦(中)岸线 | 正在建设中的围海堤坝 |
4 | 养殖围堤岸线 | 用于养殖的人工修筑堤坝 |
5 | 盐田围堤岸线 | 用于盐碱晒制而围垦的堤坝 |
6 | 交通围堤岸线 | 用于交通运输的人工修筑堤坝 |
7 | 防潮堤岸线 | 分隔陆域和水域的其他海堤护岸工程(非养殖区,非盐田区,且交通功能不显著的海堤/海塘工程) |
8 | 自然岸线 | 未利用的岸线 |
Tab. 4
Changes of gulf shape index in China during the past 70 years
海区 | 1940s | 1960s | 1970s | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2014 | 1940s-2014年变化 | 1990-2014年变化 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
平 均 值 | 黄海 | 1.94 | 2.15 | 1.87 | 1.89 | 1.93 | 2.12 | 2.19 | 0.26 | 0.30 |
渤海 | 2.01 | 2.03 | 1.85 | 1.91 | 2.01 | 2.49 | 2.51 | 0.51 | 0.60 | |
东海 | 2.62 | 2.72 | 2.52 | 2.55 | 2.56 | 2.71 | 2.78 | 0.16 | 0.24 | |
南海 | 3.09 | 3.35 | 2.90 | 2.91 | 2.96 | 2.96 | 3.01 | -0.08 | 0.11 | |
所有 | 2.44 | 2.60 | 2.32 | 2.35 | 2.38 | 2.55 | 2.62 | 0.18 | 0.27 | |
最 大 值 | 黄海 | 2.95 | 3.40 | 2.98 | 3.13 | 3.13 | 3.37 | 4.24 | 1.84 | 1.77 |
渤海 | 2.97 | 3.06 | 2.62 | 2.70 | 3.01 | 4.24 | 4.00 | 1.21 | 1.30 | |
东海 | 5.27 | 5.65 | 5.50 | 5.46 | 5.63 | 5.76 | 5.75 | 3.14 | 2.58 | |
南海 | 6.31 | 7.24 | 4.81 | 4.84 | 4.89 | 4.89 | 4.90 | 0.82 | 0.89 | |
最 小 值 | 黄海 | 1.18 | 1.40 | 1.06 | 1.07 | 1.07 | 1.40 | 1.34 | -0.89 | -0.12 |
渤海 | 1.37 | 1.38 | 1.38 | 1.46 | 1.49 | 1.53 | 1.40 | -0.03 | -0.26 | |
东海 | 1.59 | 1.72 | 1.66 | 1.64 | 1.61 | 1.65 | 1.63 | -0.81 | -0.11 | |
南海 | 1.49 | 1.64 | 1.55 | 1.51 | 1.55 | 1.55 | 1.53 | -1.48 | -1.61 |
Tab. 5
Characters of gulf-centroid movement in China during the past 70 years
位移距离(km) | 1940s-1990年 | 1990s-2014年 | 1940s-2014年 |
---|---|---|---|
< 0.5 | 29 | 53 | 19 |
0.5~1 | 21 | 10 | 22 |
1~2 | 17 | 17 | 21 |
2~3 | 7 | 1 | 10 |
3~4 | 9 | 1 | 5 |
4~5 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
> 5 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
最大值(km) | 4.57 | 13.14 | 14.30 |
最小值(km) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.06 |
平均值(km) | 1.20 | 0.77 | 1.70 |
位移速度(m/a) | 26.68 | 31.98 | 24.27 |
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