Acta Geographica Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (4): 849-859.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202004013
• Transportation and Cultural Tourism • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:
2018-11-27
Revised:
2019-12-22
Online:
2020-04-25
Published:
2020-06-25
Contact:
SHEN Yue
E-mail:shenyue0519@163.com
Supported by:
TA Na, SHEN Yue. Activity space-based segregation among neighbors and its influencing factors: An analysis based on shared activity spaces in suburban Shanghai[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(4): 849-859.
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Tab. 1
Place-based and people-based social-spatial differentiation
基于空间的度量 | 基于人的度量 | |
---|---|---|
背景 | 城市化背景下中国城市社会分异出现,并通过住房选择在空间中表现出来 | 社会转型背景下中国城市生活方式差异出现,并通过日常活动的空间选择表现出来 |
假设 | 居住在同一社区的居民不存在隔离,社区间的差异带来了社会空间隔离 | 即使居住在同一社区的居民也可能存在日常生活中的隔离,活动空间中的接触能减少隔离 |
关注点 | 住房的空间分选过程 | 行为动态过程 |
时空间尺度 | 中长期、宏观 | 短期、微观 |
研究单元 | 社区或居住空间 | 活动空间 |
空间单元测量方法 | 居住社区、以家为中心的缓冲区 | 标准椭圆、最小凸多边形、最短路径面积、轨迹缓冲区等 |
影响因素 | 社区类型、个体社会经济属性、社区建成环境等 | 社区建成环境、个体社会经济属性、个体偏好等 |
Tab. 2
Social-economic characteristics of samples
类别 | 样本量(人) | 比例(%) | |
---|---|---|---|
总样本 | 748 | 100 | |
性别 | 男 | 388 | 51.87 |
女 | 360 | 48.13 | |
教育程度 | 初中及以下 | 138 | 18.45 |
高中中专职高 | 154 | 20.59 | |
大专大学 | 419 | 56.01 | |
研究生及以上 | 37 | 4.95 | |
年龄(岁) | 18~29 | 178 | 23.80 |
30~39 | 283 | 37.83 | |
40~49 | 199 | 26.60 | |
50~60 | 88 | 11.77 | |
户口类型 | 上海 | 382 | 51.07 |
外地城市 | 212 | 28.34 | |
外地农村 | 154 | 20.59 | |
人均月收入 (元) | ≤ 2500 | 128 | 17.11 |
2501~7500 | 444 | 59.36 | |
≥ 7501 | 176 | 23.53 |
Tab. 4
The descriptive statistics of the variables in the study
变量 | 意义 | 均值 | 标准差 |
---|---|---|---|
收入 | 居民平均月收入:1:低收入;2:中收入;3:高收入 | 2.06 | 0.02 |
户口 | 1:本地户口;2:外地城市户口;3:外地农村户口 | 1.69 | 0.03 |
女性 | 1:女性;0:男性 | 0.48 | 0.02 |
年龄 | 单位:岁 | 37.09 | 0.36 |
有正式就业 | 1:有正式就业;0:无正式就业 | 0.86 | 0.01 |
汽车所有权 | 1:有;0:无 | 0.62 | 0.02 |
居住两年以下 | 1:居住两年以下;0:居住两年以上 | 0.31 | 0.02 |
住房所有权 | 1:有住房所有权;0:无住房所有权 | 1.36 | 0.02 |
社区有围墙 | 1:有;0:无 | 0.93 | 0.01 |
社区有公共空间 | 如运动场、小广场等,1:有;0:无 | 0.93 | 0.01 |
社区有室内活动设施 | 如健身房、棋牌室等,1:有;0:无 | 0.70 | 0.02 |
社区有零售商业 | 如菜市场、小卖部等,1:有;0:无 | 0.62 | 0.02 |
社区社会混合度 | 根据六普数据计算社区不同教育水平人群的熵值来衡量社区混合程度,数值越高、社区居民组成混合程度越高 | 0.44 | 0.01 |
社区人口密度 | 社区人口数量除以社区面积计算,单位:万人/km2 | 1.91 | 0.08 |
周边便利店密度 | 社区周边3 km范围内便利店密度,单位:个/km2 | 5.25 | 0.13 |
周边餐饮设施密度 | 社区周边3 km范围内餐饮设施密度,单位:个/km2 | 48.48 | 0.95 |
周边超市密度 | 社区周边3 km范围内超市密度,单位:个/km2 | 4.40 | 0.11 |
周边公园广场密度 | 社区周边3 km范围内公园广场密度,单位:个/km2 | 0.28 | 0.01 |
周边购物中心密度 | 社区周边3 km范围内购物中心密度,单位:个/km2 | 0.30 | 0.01 |
周边室内体育休闲设施密度 | 社区周边3 km范围内室内体育休闲设施密度,单位:个/km2 | 8.01 | 0.20 |
到城市中心的距离 | 到人民广场的距离,对数形式 | 3.11 | 0.02 |
Tab. 5
Multilevel ordered logit model on shared activity space
模型1:总体活动空间共享度 | 模型2:低收入居民活动空间共享度 | 模型3:中收入居民活动空间共享度 | 模型4:高收入居民活动空间共享度 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
系数 | P值 | 系数 | P值 | 系数 | P值 | 系数 | P值 | ||||
收入(低收入为参照) | |||||||||||
中收入 | -1.34 | 0.000 | |||||||||
高收入 | -1.04 | 0.000 | |||||||||
户口(本地户口为参照) | |||||||||||
外地城市户口 | 0.59 | 0.004 | 0.97 | 0.158 | 0.75 | 0.006 | -0.06 | 0.887 | |||
外地农村户口 | 0.22 | 0.357 | -0.06 | 0.915 | 0.64 | 0.049 | -0.26 | 0.651 | |||
女性 | 0.19 | 0.213 | 0.16 | 0.717 | 0.16 | 0.433 | 0.09 | 0.784 | |||
年龄 | 0.00 | 0.884 | 0.00 | 0.855 | 0.00 | 0.884 | -0.01 | 0.560 | |||
有正式就业 | 0.44 | 0.065 | 0.51 | 0.264 | 0.60 | 0.082 | -0.45 | 0.583 | |||
汽车所有权 | -0.34 | 0.045 | -0.13 | 0.750 | -0.27 | 0.242 | -0.49 | 0.263 | |||
居住两年以下 | -0.29 | 0.125 | 0.07 | 0.882 | -0.36 | 0.156 | -0.73 | 0.071 | |||
住房所有权 | -0.38 | 0.061 | -0.71 | 0.189 | -0.54 | 0.049 | 0.19 | 0.670 | |||
社区有围墙 | -2.29 | 0.023 | -1.49 | 0.339 | -1.93 | 0.078 | -4.89 | 0.024 | |||
社区有公共空间 | 2.63 | 0.005 | 4.16 | 0.005 | 2.07 | 0.043 | 3.82 | 0.100 | |||
社区有室内活动设施 | 0.49 | 0.284 | -0.72 | 0.359 | 0.57 | 0.263 | 1.35 | 0.047 | |||
社区有零售商业 | 0.92 | 0.022 | 0.06 | 0.934 | 0.78 | 0.075 | 1.85 | 0.002 | |||
社区社会混合度 | 3.86 | 0.029 | 1.71 | 0.533 | 4.01 | 0.039 | 5.06 | 0.058 | |||
社区人口密度 | 0.30 | 0.002 | 0.29 | 0.058 | 0.22 | 0.046 | 0.60 | 0.001 | |||
周边公园广场密度 | 0.20 | 0.797 | -1.40 | 0.326 | 0.83 | 0.338 | -0.70 | 0.501 | |||
周边购物中心密度 | -4.10 | 0.000 | -2.83 | 0.122 | -5.32 | 0.000 | -3.49 | 0.009 | |||
到城市中心的距离 | -1.38 | 0.002 | -2.72 | 0.000 | -1.53 | 0.002 | -1.17 | 0.091 | |||
门槛值1 | -5.06 | 0.011 | -10.65 | 0.003 | -4.80 | 0.034 | -4.11 | 0.232 | |||
门槛值2 | -2.18 | 0.271 | -7.43 | 0.030 | -1.72 | 0.443 | -1.11 | 0.746 | |||
门槛值3 | 0.37 | 0.852 | -4.85 | 0.149 | 0.99 | 0.661 | 1.87 | 0.583 | |||
var(_cons) | 1.00 | 1.41 | 1.06 | 1.05 | |||||||
Waldchi2 | 91.63 | 27.03 | 53.72 | 34.38 | |||||||
Loglikelihood | -758.31 | -134.01 | -432.54 | -175.72 |
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