农业干旱监测研究进展与展望

doi:10.11821/dlxb201511012

Abstract

Abstract:

In this paper, we compared the concept of agricultural drought and its relationship with other types of drought, and discussed research progress in agricultural drought monitoring from the site-based and remote sensing aspects, respectively. The applicability and limitations of different drought monitoring indexes were also compared. Results showed that the site-based drought index has experienced a long development history and become the main way of monitoring drought. Meanwhile, the remote sensing based drought index was mainly established from two aspects, soil water and crop water, and has achieved good results in agricultural drought monitoring. In addition, through mathematical statistics and document comparison, the development and latest progress of agricultural drought monitoring has been revealed, suggesting a transformation of agricultural drought monitoring from traditional single meteorological monitoring indicators to integrated meteorology and remote sensing monitoring indicators, mainly reflected in the introduction of multisource data and the innovation of research methods. The applicability and limitations of comprehensive drought monitoring indexes established in recent years were also discussed. Finally, through the analysis of current challenges in agricultural drought monitoring, future research prospects in agricultural drought monitoring are proposed, including further investigating the mechanism of agricultural drought, identifying the influences of agricultural drought, developing a multi spatiotemporal scale agricultural drought monitoring model, coupling the qualitative and quantitative agricultural drought evaluation models, and improving the application level of remote sensing data in agricultural drought monitoring.

Key words: agricultural drought, drought monitor, research progress, research prospect

Xianfeng LIU, Xiufang ZHU, Yaozhong PAN, Shuangshuang LI, Yanxu LIU. Agricultural drought monitor: Progress, challenges and prospect[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(11): 1835-1848.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 1

Main meteorological and agricultural drought monitoring indexes in the world"

指标名称	提出时间	主要作者	指标含义
降水距平	1906	Henry^[20]	任何21天或更长天数期间发生的降水等于或少于此间正常值的30%。
Palmer干旱指数 (PDSI)	1965	Palmer^[28]	表征一段时间内,某区域实际水分供应持续地少于当地气候适应水分供应的水分亏缺。
作物水分指数 (CMI)	1968	Palmer^[29]	该指数利用水平衡模式分析作物干旱状况,主要用于农业干旱监测。
作物缺水指数 (CWSI)	1988	Jackson^[34]	在水分能量平衡原理基础上,综合考虑土壤水分和农田蒸散的关系,来表征作物水分亏缺状况。
Z指数	1990	幺枕生^[70]	该指数假设降水量整体上服从Person III型分布,通过对降水量进行正态化处理来确定干旱指数。
标准降水指数 (SPI)	1993	McKee^[35]	表征某时段降水量出现的概率多少的指标,适合于月以上尺度相对当地气候状况的干旱监测。
水分亏缺指数 (WDI)	1994	Moran^[47]	该指数考虑到作物缺水指数中多数理论参数与植被覆盖度的近线性关系,结合地表和空气之间的温差与植被指数而建立的干旱监测指标。
植被条件指数 (VCI)	1995	Kogan^[71]	该指数克服了距平植被指数和标准植被指数的不足,能有效监测干旱及降水的时空分布特征。
归一化差值水分指数(NDWI)	1996	Gao^[48]	通过引入短波红外波段,更有效提取植被冠层的水分含量,在植被冠层受水分胁迫时,能及时地相应。
CI指数	1998	张强^[39]	该指数综合利用标准降水指数和相对湿度指数,适合用于实时气象干旱监测和历史同期气象干旱评估。
温度植被干旱指数(TVDI)	2002	Sandholt^[56]	指由植被覆盖度和地表温度所确定的干边和湿边方程,来表征作物水分胁迫状况的指标。
植被供水指数 (VSWI)	2004	Haboudane	该指数是综合地表温度监测指标和植被指数监测指标的一种用于农业干旱监测的综合指标。
自适应帕尔默干旱指数(SC-PDSI)	2004	Wells^[32]	该指数是PDSI的修正版,能够根据不同区域的气候特点进行选取模型校正参数。
K指数	2007	王劲松^[40]	该指数用季节降水量的相对变率与蒸发量的相对变率的比值定义,用于研究气象和农业干旱。
植被干旱响应指数(VegDRI)	2008	Brown^[59]	综合考虑植被指数、气象干旱指数和土壤有效持水量等信息,通过信息挖掘技术进行干旱监测。
标准降水蒸散指数(SPEI)	2010	Vicente-Serrano^[36]	表征某时段水分亏缺出现的概率多少的指标,适合月以上尺度相对当地气候状况的干旱监测。

Tab. 1

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Agricultural drought monitor: Progress, challenges and prospect

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