Acta Geographica Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 76 ›› Issue (6): 1408-1421.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202106007
• Rural Development and Settlement Research • Previous Articles Next Articles
GUO Yuanzhi1(), LIU Yansui1,2(
)
Received:
2020-07-09
Revised:
2021-04-19
Online:
2021-06-25
Published:
2021-08-25
Contact:
LIU Yansui
E-mail:16b@igsnrr.ac.cn;liuys@igsnrr.ac.cn
Supported by:
GUO Yuanzhi, LIU Yansui. The process of rural development and paths for rural revitalization in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(6): 1408-1421.
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Tab. 1
Comprehensive evaluation index system for the level of county rural revitalization
一级指标 | 二级指标 | 指标解释 | 权重 |
---|---|---|---|
产业兴旺 | 人均一产增加值 | 第一产业增加值/农村常住总人口(元/人) | 0.1237 |
农业机械化水平 | 农业机械总动力/耕地总面积(万kW/km2) | 0.0779 | |
生态宜居 | 植被覆盖指数(NDVI) | 利用植被状况表征地区生态环境质量 | 0.1913 |
乡风文明 | 县域国家级文明村镇 | 村赋值1,乡镇赋值5 | 0.0998 |
治理有效 | 农民受教育水平 | 6岁及以上人口平均受教育年限(年) | 0.1668 |
生活富裕 | 农民人均可支配收入 | 农村家庭经过初次分配与再分配后的收入(元/人) | 0.3405 |
Tab. 2
Statistics on the level of county rural revitalization in the four economic zones of China in 2017
(0.15, 0.30] | (0.30, 0.40] | (0.40, 0.50] | (0.50, 0.60] | (0.60, 1.00] | 合计 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
东部地区 | 0 | 20 | 300 | 216 | 59 | 595 |
中部地区 | 1 | 42 | 415 | 115 | 8 | 581 |
西部地区 | 82 | 308 | 523 | 59 | 4 | 976 |
东北地区 | 0 | 3 | 101 | 79 | 1 | 184 |
合计 | 83 | 373 | 1339 | 469 | 72 | 2336 |
Tab. 3
Key strategies for rural revitalization in different types of targeting counties
类型区 | 乡村发展主要问题 | 乡村振兴主要策略 |
---|---|---|
Ⅰ级区 | 地理环境封闭,生态环境极为脆弱,加之不合理的人类活动造成严重的生态破坏和环境问题;基础设施和公共服务设施建设配套不足,工业化和城镇化发展滞后、带动能力弱;人民群众受教育水平低下,劳动技能水平不高。 | 强化生态保护和环境修复,推动生态产业化和产业生态化;在保护和传承民族文化的基础上发展特色文化旅游和乡村旅游[ |
Ⅱ级区 | 生态环境脆弱,自然灾害频发,水土流失严重;基础设施配套不足,生产生活条件差;人均受教育年限不高,劳动力素质整体偏低,人力资源开发不足;地势起伏大,人均耕地面积小。 | 深入践行绿色发展理念,强化生态建设,打造生产、生活、生态融合新格局;按照“补缺、提质、一体”的要求,补齐公共服务设施和基础设施短板;强化全民技能提升培训,提高劳动者技能水平;扎实推进土地整治、土壤改良、良种优选以改善农业生产条件。 |
Ⅲ级区 | 受水、土等自然条件的束缚,农业效益低;边际土地的开发导致土地退化、生态破坏等问题严重;大量青壮年劳动力外流导致“三留”问题突出;城乡二元结构突出,城乡联系弱、发展差距大。 | 深入推动农业供给侧结构性调整和一二三产融合发展,培育乡村发展新动能,提升农业发展效益;坚持乡村发展与生态建设有机结合,优化人地关系;积极推进基础设施和公共服务设施建设,强化乡村发展的基础支撑;深化改革不断破除城乡二元结构体制,实现城镇化与村镇化双轮驱动[ |
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