基于感知的北京居民职住空间关系生成机理

doi:10.11821/dlxb202102010

Abstract

Abstract:

The jobs-housing relationship is an important research field to understand the spatial structure of urban functions and reveal the law of urban growth and evolution. In the paper, we first established a framework and a hypothesis model to analyze the jobs-housing relationship from the perspective of residents' life practice and their perception. Based on survey data of residents' perception in Beijing, we analyzed the formation mechanism of the jobs-housing spatial relationship from two aspects of influencing factors and driving mechanism by means of structural equation model. The results show that: (1) housing prices and housing affordability played a critical role in residents' decisions on jobs-housing location. Compared with the material living environment, the non-material factors, such as policies and systems, neighborhood conditions, residents' conception and development expectations, had more significant impact on the formation of the jobs-housing spatial relationship. (2) Land supply and household registration system formulated by the government, the circle-sprawling expansion and industrial spatial transfer in urban spatial structure evolution, the employment distribution and real estate premium under the market mechanism, as well as residents' income and cultural value orientation were the micro-dominant driving factors. (3) The government played a leading role in the formation of residents' jobs-housing spatial relationship in Beijing. Urban spatial reconstruction was the intermediary for the government to transmit information to the market. The market played a role of booster for the real estate premium and the aggravation of jobs-housing imbalance. The residents actively adjusted or were coercively adapted to the jobs-housing location. At the same time, the situation of the jobs-housing relationship could be transmitted to the government and market through the residents' appeal. The government may formulate some policies to prevent the excessive rising price of real estate and strengthen the construction of transportation facilities. The conclusions have enriched the study on the formation mechanism of jobs-housing spatial relationship in megacities in China, and are valuable for the planning of housing, transportation and public service supply in Beijing.

Key words: jobs-housing spatial relationship, residents' perception, formation mechanism, Beijing

ZHANG Xuebo, SONG Jinping, YU Wei, WANG Zhenbo. Formation mechanism of Beijing's jobs-housing spatial relationship based on residents' perception[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(2): 383-397.

Figures/Tables 6

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属性		样本数	比例(%)	属性		样本数	比例(%)
性别	男	1231	56.3	户籍	北京户籍	1091	49.9
性别	女	956	43.7	户籍	非北京户籍	1096	50.1
年龄(岁)	<30	835	38.2	住房性质	普通租房	811	37.1
	31~40	905	41.4		自有商品房	835	38.2
	41~50	343	15.7		自有经济适用房	166	7.6
	51~60	90	4.1		自有单位公房	96	4.4
	≥ 60	14	0.6		使用权单位公房	77	3.5
婚姻状况	已婚	1450	66.3		拆迁房	55	2.5
婚姻状况	未婚	737	33.7	其他		147	6.7
学龄子女	有	1004	45.9	单位性质	事业单位	367	16.8
学龄子女	无	1183	54.1		国有企业	350	16.0
个人月收入(元)	<3000	125	5.7		私人企业	850	38.9
	3000~5999	665	30.4	股份制公司		295	13.5
	6000~8999	642	29.4	外资独资企业		118	5.4
	9000~15000	453	20.7	中外合资企业		63	2.9
	≥ 15000	302	13.8	其他		144	6.6
学历	初中及以下	72	3.3	所属行业	国家、地方党政机关	136	6.2
	高中	225	10.3		金融保险房地产服务业	313	14.3
	大专	444	20.3		批发零售餐饮服务业	267	12.2
	大学本科	1052	48.1		交通运输邮电业	55	2.5
	研究生及以上	394	18.0		信息、计算机及软件业	384	17.6
家庭结构	单身独住	455	20.8		建筑、制造业	276	12.6
	单身和父母同住	217	9.9	教育文化卫生体育业		402	18.4
	夫妻独住	317	14.5	供水、电、气业		31	1.4
	夫妻和父母同住	221	10.1	农业		33	1.5
	夫妻携子女	625	28.6	其他		290	13.3
	三代以上同住	286	13.1
	其他	66	3.0

适配度指标	绝对适配度指标				增值适配度指标			简约适配度指标
适配度指标	CMIN/DF	GFI	RMR	RMSEA	NFI	TLI	CFI	PGFI	PNFI
理想值	(1, 5)	> 0.9	< 0.08	< 0.08	> 0.9	> 0.9	> 0.9	> 0.5	> 0.5
模型数值	3.546	0.913	0.07	0.065	0.897	0.904	0.919	0.757	0.737

Formation mechanism of Beijing's jobs-housing spatial relationship based on residents' perception

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