中国产业发展与布局的关联法则

doi:10.11821/dlxb202012010

Abstract

Abstract:

Geographical distribution and agglomeration of industries have been a long lasting concern of economic geographers. Some studies have stressed geographical proximity and industrial agglomeration as the key driving force of uneven distribution of industries. Recently, evolutionary economic geography, based on evolutionary economics, has adopted a dynamic and historic perspective to study the evolution of regional industrial dynamics. It argues that geographical proximity is neither sufficient nor necessary for efficient knowledge spillovers; instead, it calls for more attention to the idea of cognitive proximity as well as its importance in regional industrial dynamics. The idea is that for knowledge spillovers to take place effectively, some kind of cognitive proximity in terms of shared competencies must be in place. Inspired by this, we examine China's regional industrial development through the lens of cognitive proximity, and propose the "principle of relatedness", that is, the probability of a region to enter/exit one specific economic activity is heavily dependent on regional pre-existing economic profile and local knowledge base. This paper first introduces some key, relevant concepts, and then reviews empirical studies that are underpinned by the "principle of relatedness". Furthermore, it discusses the applicability of "principle of relatedness" in the Chinese context. Our main findings are as follows: (1) theories on resource base view and knowledge spillovers both support the existence of the "principle of relatedness"; (2) the "principle of relatedness" enables us to better understand China's regional economic development, innovation and resilience; however, (3) the effectiveness of the "principle of relatedness" may be compromised by external shocks and internal institutions. One policy implication from the "principle of relatedness" as well as our empirical research is that Chinese regions should seek to diversify related industries and enhance related variety of their regional profiles. In doing so, they are able to become more economically resilient and achieve more sustainable economic development.

Key words: cognitive proximity, principle of relatedness, industrial relatedness, evolutionary economic geography, China

HE Canfei, ZHU Shengjun. The principle of relatedness in China's regional industrial development[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(12): 2684-2698.

Figures/Tables 4

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

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关联类型	测度方法	来源文献
产业关联	区域产业共现关系	He等^[47]; Howell等^[35]
产品关联	区域出口产品共现关系	Boschma等^[27]; Hidalgo等^[13]; Zhu等^[33]
产品关联	企业生产产品共现关系	Neffke等^[12]; Zhou等^[34]
投入产出关联	投入组合相似系数或投入产出关系	Essletzbichler^[48]; Guo等^[39]; Saviotti等^[49]
技术关联	基于专利间的引用关系	Kogler等^[40]; Rigby^[41]
技能关联	劳动力流动	Neffke等^[36]; Timmermans等^[50]
制度关联	分属不同SIC类别的产品共现概率	Karthik等^[45]
市场关联	企业出口市场(国家)共现关系	郭琪等^[46]

The principle of relatedness in China's regional industrial development

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