Acta Geographica Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (11): 2443-2458.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202011013
• Ecological Civilization and Sustainable Development • Previous Articles Next Articles
XIONG Ying1,2,3(), ZHANG Fang1,2
Received:
2019-10-12
Revised:
2020-07-13
Online:
2020-11-25
Published:
2021-01-25
Supported by:
XIONG Ying, ZHANG Fang. Thermal environment effects of urban human settlements and influencing factors based on multi-source data: A case study of Changsha city[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(11): 2443-2458.
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Tab. 3
Surface temperature area and proportion in Changsha city in 2000, 2009 and 2016
年份 | 极低温区 | 低温区 | 较低温区 | 中温区 | 较高温区 | 高温区 | 极高温区 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
面积(km) | 比例(%) | 面积(km) | 比例(%) | 面积(km) | 比例(%) | 面积(km) | 比例(%) | 面积(km) | 比例(%) | 面积(km) | 比例(%) | 面积(km) | 比例(%) | |
2000 | 76.04 | 1.93 | 456.42 | 11.59 | 2346.89 | 59.57 | 781.76 | 19.84 | 180.58 | 4.58 | 64.75 | 1.64 | 33.07 | 0.84 |
2009 | 11.67 | 0.30 | 1003.43 | 25.47 | 1443.27 | 36.64 | 871.28 | 22.12 | 280.12 | 7.11 | 227.68 | 5.78 | 102.07 | 2.59 |
2016 | 149.68 | 3.80 | 908.47 | 23.06 | 1274.13 | 32.34 | 852.05 | 21.63 | 371.64 | 9.43 | 278.21 | 7.06 | 105.34 | 2.67 |
Tab. 4
Statistics of surface temperature grade area in each administrative district of Changsha city (km2)
等级区 | 芙蓉区 | 天心区 | 岳麓区 | 开福区 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000年 | 2009年 | 2016年 | 2000年 | 2009年 | 2016年 | 2000年 | 2009年 | 2016年 | 2000年 | 2009年 | 2016年 | |
极低温区 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 0.49 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 6.12 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 17.67 | 6.85 | 0.09 | 7.86 |
低温区 | 0.79 | 0.39 | 0.95 | 7.42 | 6.15 | 1.85 | 27.41 | 43.35 | 160.79 | 28.27 | 16.24 | 15.77 |
较低温区 | 5.53 | 1.40 | 0.80 | 23.41 | 4.12 | 3.64 | 304.21 | 194.52 | 145.28 | 105.07 | 40.88 | 36.57 |
中温区 | 8.91 | 4.45 | 2.30 | 17.06 | 11.68 | 9.72 | 139.86 | 162.65 | 80.28 | 28.03 | 62.51 | 50.41 |
较高温区 | 13.39 | 9.15 | 8.78 | 14.02 | 16.26 | 16.52 | 34.94 | 55.74 | 62.31 | 13.59 | 37.60 | 42.48 |
高温区 | 8.98 | 16.99 | 16.29 | 9.85 | 26.46 | 28.14 | 10.31 | 47.48 | 45.48 | 6.77 | 27.05 | 32.25 |
极高温区 | 5.93 | 11.30 | 14.06 | 3.75 | 10.86 | 9.53 | 3.33 | 16.33 | 8.26 | 7.61 | 11.83 | 10.86 |
等级区 | 雨花区 | 望城区 | 长沙县 | |||||||||
2000年 | 2009年 | 2016年 | 2000年 | 2009年 | 2016年 | 2000年 | 2009年 | 2016年 | ||||
极低温区 | 1.63 | 0.00 | 0.24 | 1.04 | 0.02 | 65.80 | 66.37 | 11.55 | 51.51 | |||
低温区 | 7.96 | 0.30 | 1.30 | 83.00 | 213.84 | 249.37 | 301.57 | 723.16 | 478.44 | |||
较低温区 | 38.20 | 3.20 | 3.70 | 582.09 | 361.73 | 347.29 | 1288.38 | 837.42 | 736.84 | |||
中温区 | 24.50 | 13.72 | 9.03 | 275.08 | 304.85 | 211.57 | 288.31 | 311.42 | 488.74 | |||
较高温区 | 18.44 | 21.57 | 24.15 | 35.62 | 68.61 | 69.31 | 50.59 | 71.20 | 148.09 | |||
高温区 | 12.87 | 42.28 | 51.56 | 6.04 | 27.05 | 32.25 | 9.92 | 40.38 | 72.24 | |||
极高温区 | 7.48 | 30.00 | 21.09 | 2.61 | 9.39 | 9.89 | 2.35 | 12.38 | 31.64 |
Tab. 5
Index of urban thermal environmental impact factors in Changsha city
一级指标 | 二级指标 | 三级指标 |
---|---|---|
自然因素 | 植被与水体 | 植被覆盖度(FVC) |
改进归一化差异水体指数(MNDWI) | ||
地形地貌 | 数字地表高程(DEM) | |
坡度 | ||
人文因素 | 景观格局指数 | 散布指数(CONTAG) |
香农多样性指数(SHDI) | ||
离散度(DIVISION) | ||
斑块内聚力指数(COHESION) | ||
城市建设强度 | 归一化差值不透水面指数(NDISI) | |
归一化差值裸地与建筑指数(NDBBI) | ||
地表反照率(Albedo) | ||
社会经济活动 | 兴趣点密度指数(POI) |
Tab. 7
Characteristic value and contribution rate of principal components
成分 | 初始特征值 | 提取载荷平方和 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
特征值 | 贡献率(%) | 累积贡献率(%) | 特征值 | 方差百分比(%) | 累积贡献率(%) | |
1 | 3.557 | 29.644 | 29.644 | 3.557 | 29.644 | 29.644 |
2 | 2.637 | 21.978 | 51.622 | 2.637 | 21.978 | 51.622 |
3 | 1.893 | 15.778 | 67.400 | 1.893 | 15.778 | 67.400 |
4 | 0.991 | 8.254 | 75.654 | |||
5 | 0.786 | 6.554 | 82.208 | |||
6 | 0.762 | 6.354 | 88.562 | |||
7 | 0.514 | 4.286 | 92.848 | |||
8 | 0.428 | 3.569 | 96.417 | |||
9 | 0.259 | 2.159 | 98.575 | |||
10 | 0.134 | 1.114 | 99.689 | |||
11 | 0.030 | 0.246 | 99.935 | |||
12 | 0.008 | 0.065 | 100.000 |
Tab. 8
Principal component scoring load matrix
影响因子 | 第1主成分 | 第2主成分 | 第3主成分 |
---|---|---|---|
POI密度指数 | 0.085 | 0.207 | -0.295 |
归一化水体指数 | -0.506 | -0.470 | 0.136 |
植被覆盖指数 | 0.395 | -0.457 | 0.284 |
离散度 | 0.930 | -0.175 | -0.219 |
香农多样性 | 0.936 | -0.188 | -0.227 |
散布指数 | 0.511 | 0.054 | -0.180 |
斑块内聚力指数 | -0.918 | 0.193 | 0.004 |
归一化不透水指数 | 0.431 | 0.687 | 0.243 |
坡度 | -0.206 | -0.600 | 0.432 |
高程 | 0.086 | -0.269 | 0.762 |
地表反照率 | -0.144 | 0.817 | -0.125 |
归一化差值裸地与建筑指数 | 0.192 | 0.699 | -0.331 |
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