西安曲江新区移民群体的地方意义建构与检验

doi:10.11821/dlxb202008015

Abstract

Abstract:

In such an era of great transition, the migrants in China are on the horns of a dilemma — they cannot integrate into the cities, while the home villages are no longer their warm harbors. To help them acclimatize to the places of migration, constructing migrants' place meaning is a feasible solution, which therefore is a fundamental and urgent topic in the field of place research from the mobility perspective. One construction that researchers have used to understanding the human-environment connections is place meaning, which however has not been clearly defined and accurately measured in the previous studies. By employing the Q method and scale development, Study 1 investigates the dynamic nature of place meanings from the migrant's perspective, and develops a theoretical framework to explain the construction of place meanings. Through data analyses we identify four dimensions of the place meaning-self-identity, the interaction between migrants and others, the interaction between migrants and physical attributes, and synthetic interactions among migrants, others and physical environments. These interactions exist in a geographical framework consisting of nature, social relationship, and values. Study 2 designs a measuring scale of place meaning, which contains four dimensions with 20 items. Through the Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the results verify that the theoretical model of place meaning is valid and acceptable. In addition, this paper also leads to a discussion on the nature, the identification and the characteristics of the migrants' place meaning. This study has enriched and improved the concepts of place and place meaning and their system structures, which have partially responded to the theoretical and practical needs to extend the research on migration and human-environment connections.

Key words: place meaning, Xi'an Qujiang New District, migrants, theory construction, theory examination

HU Xianyang, BAI Kai, HUA Feifei, WANG Lijian. The construction and examination of migrants' place meaning in Xi'an Qujiang New District[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(8): 1773-1789.

Figures/Tables 12

Tab. 1

Definitions of place meaning as identified in previous research

地方意义	定义	作者
地方认同/认同表达	对环境的认知关联,可理解为自我认同的子结构	Proshansky, 1978; Davenport et al. 2010
地方依赖	达到特定目标所需的环境功能	Stokols, Shumaker, 1981
情感依附	与环境相互作用形成的地方情感纽带	Milligan, 1998; Jorgensen, Stedman, 2001
社会纽带/经验分享	通过在地经历形成的社会纽带	Mesch, Manor, 1998; Bricker, Kerstetter, 2002
独处	特定环境中独处的能力	Williams et al. 1992
隐居、内省和反思	环境中“陷入沉思”与“反思问题”的能力	Manzo, 2005
熟悉感与文化传统	与家或文化传统相关的特定意涵	Young, 1999; Gunderson, Watson, 2007
社区认同	与当地文化、族群性格及身份相关的信念	Smith et al. 2011, 2012
美学要素/风景吸引力	与美景相关的理想信念	Williams et al. 1992; Young, 1999
原生态	景观的原生态	Young,1999; Gunderson,Watson, 2007
环境的物理属性	环境中独特的植物群落、动物群落、溪流等物理属性	Gunderson,Watson, 2007
非惯常环境	与工作或日常环境相异的优美的开敞空间	Manzo, 2005; Gunderson,Watson, 2007
生态完整性	对资源功能在保护社区开放空间和生态系统健康有序等方面的观念与认知	Smith et al. 2011, 2012
娱乐享受	在环境中参与娱乐活动的兴奋	Bricker, Kerstetter, 2002
自我效能	指个体在特定的环境下对自己完成某一行为的意义感知	Smith et al. 2011, 2012
探索	探索某一特定环境的经历	Manzo, 2005
工作/经济	资源对区域经济健康贡献度的理解	Gunderson, Watson, 2007; Smith et al. 2011, 2012
家族认同	家族传承的意义认同	Wynveen et al. 2010; Smith et al. 2011, 2012
可及性	人们进入环境和/或环境临近个人家庭的感知	Manzo, 2005; Gunderson,Watson, 2007
认知和评价	地方意义体系涉及地方特色、精神性、群体联系、情感与体验以及历史文化	高艳, 赵振斌, 2016
环境对人的价值和重要性	个人情感、地方适应、地方特色、社会联系、历史文化联系、个人价值与成就、宗教与信仰	赵振斌, 褚玉杰, 郝亭, 等, 2015
主体感知与认知	象征意义、思想感受、态度和价值	梁增贤, 保继刚, 2015
体验与互动	产生于人们在地方之中的体验,以及人们在地方之中与他人的社会关系和互动	蔡晓梅, 朱竑, 2012

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 3

Tab. 4

Tab. 5

Tab. 6

Fig. 3

Tab. 7

Tab. 8

Tab. 9

References 62

[1]	Fechter A. The British on the Costa del Sol: Transnational identities and local communities. American Ethnologist, 2010,29(4):1024-1025.
[2]	Tuan Y F. The Perspectives of Experience. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1977.
[3]	Bradley G A, Bare B B. Place-based conservation: Perspectives from the social sciences. Northwest Science, 2014,88(2):169-171.
[4]	Qian Junxi, Zhu Hong. Theoretical unity and thematic diversity in new cultural geography. Geographical Research, 2015,34(3):422-436.
	[ 钱俊希, 朱竑. 新文化地理学的理论统一性与话题多样性. 地理研究, 2015,34(3):422-436.]
[5]	Bai Kai, Zhou Shangyi, Lv Yangyang. The progress of social cultural geography in China in recent 10 years. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014,69(8):1190-1206.
	[ 白凯, 周尚意, 吕洋洋. 社会文化地理学在中国近10年的进展. 地理学报, 2014,69(8):1190-1206.]
[6]	Relph E C. Place and placelessness. Geographical Review, 1975,68(1):116.
[7]	Kyle G, Chick G. The social construction of a sense of place. Leisure Sciences, 2007,29(3):209-225.
[8]	Williams D R. Making sense of 'place': Reflections on pluralism and positionality in place research. Landscape & Urban Planning, 2014,131:74-82.
[9]	Manzo L C. For better or worse: Exploring multiple dimensions of place meaning. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2005,25(1):67-86.
[10]	Tuan Y F. Place: An experiential perspective. Geographical Review, 1975,65(2):151-165.
[11]	Wynveen C J, Kyle G T. A place meaning scale for tropical marine settings. Environmental Management, 2015,55(1):128-142. doi: 10.1007/s00267-014-0379-7 pmid: 25260561
[12]	Lloyd S. Lesson-Drawing in public policy: A guide to learning across time and space by Richard Rose. American Political Science Review, 1995,89(1):235-236.
[13]	Brown G, Raymond C M, Corcoran J. Mapping and measuring place attachment. Applied Geography, 2015,57:42-53.
[14]	Jorgensen B S, Stedman R C. Sense of place as an attitude: Lakeshore owners' attitudes toward their properties. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2001,21(3):233-248.
[15]	Mesch G S, Manor O. Social ties, environmental perception, and local attachment. Environment & Behavior, 1998,30(4):504-519.
[16]	Williams D, Patterson M. Environmental meaning and ecosystem management: Perspectives from environmental psychology and human geography. Society & Natural Resources, 1996,9(5):507-521.
[17]	Huang Y, Qu H, Montgomery D. The meanings of destination. Journal of Travel Research, 2017,56(6):793-807. doi: 10.1177/0047287516663652
[18]	Kyle G T, Mowen A J, Tarrant M. Linking place preferences with place meaning: An examination of the relationship between place motivation and place attachment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2004,24(4):439-454. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2004.11.001
[19]	Daniel R F. Theoretical and methodological issues in behavioral modeling: Introductory comments. Leisure Sciences, 1990,12(1):1-7.
[20]	Hutson G, Montgomery D, Caneday L. Perceptions of outdoor recreation professionals toward place meanings in natural environments: A Q-method inquiry. Journal of Leisure Research, 2010,42(3):417-442.
[21]	Proshansky H M, Fabian A K, Kaminoff R. Place-identity: Physical world socialization of the self. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1983,3(1):57-83.
[22]	Entrikin J N, Tepple J H. Humanism and democratic place-making. Approaches to Human Geography, 2006,1:84-99.
[23]	Claval P. Reading the rural landscapes. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2005,70(1-2):9-19.
[24]	Stedman R C. Sense of place and forest science: Toward a program of quantitative research. Forest Science, 2003,49(6):822-829.
[25]	Van Patten S R, Williams D R. Problems in place: Using discursive social psychology to investigate the meanings of seasonal homes. Leisure Sciences, 2008,30(5):448-464.
[26]	Stedman R C. Toward a social psychology of place: Predicting behavior from place-based cognitions, attitude, and identity. Environment & Behavior, 2002,34(5):561-581.
[27]	Fournier S. A meaning-based framework for the study of consumer-object relations. Advances in Consumer Research, 1991,18:736-742.
[28]	Hidalgo M C, Hernández B. Place attachment: Conceptual and empirical questions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2001,21(3):273-281.
[29]	Farnum J, Hall T, Kruger L E. Sense of place in natural resource recreation and tourism: An evaluation and assessment of research findings. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW, 2005,660(4):66-67.
[30]	Tang Shunying, Zhou Shangyi. Roles of text in placeness construction: Analysis on core literature of cultural geography in recent years. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2011,31(10):1159-1165.
	[ 唐顺英, 周尚意. 浅析文本在地方性形成中的作用: 对近年文化地理学核心刊物中相关文章的梳理. 地理科学, 2011,31(10):1159-1165.]
[31]	Smith J W, Davenport M A, Anderson D H, et al. Place meanings and desired management outcomes. Landscape & Urban Planning, 2011,101(4):359-370.
[32]	Hu Xianyang, Bai Kai. The construction of tourists' placeness identity of Barkhor Street in Lhasa. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015,70(10):1632-1649.
	[ 胡宪洋, 白凯. 拉萨八廓街地方性的游客认同建构. 地理学报, 2015,70(10):1632-1649.]
[33]	Proshansky H M, Fabian A K, Kaminoff R. Place-identity: Physical world socialization of the self. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1983,3(1):57-83.
[34]	Stedman R C. Is it really just a social construction? The contribution of the physical environment to sense of place. Society & Natural Resources, 2003,16(8):671-685.
[35]	Ujang N, Zakariya K. The notion of place, place meaning and identity in urban regeneration. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2015,170:709-717.
[36]	Raje F. Using Q methodology to develop more perceptive insights on transport and social inclusion. Transport Policy, 2007,14(6):467-477.
[37]	Mckeown B F. Q methodology in political psychology: Theory and technique in psychoanalytic applications. Political Psychology, 1984,5(3):415-436.
[38]	Zhou Fenghua, Wang Jingyao. Q methodology: A bridge between qualitative and quantitative research. Wuhan University Journal (Philosophy & Social Sciences), 2006,59(3):401-406.
	[ 周凤华, 王敬尧. Q方法论: 一座沟通定量研究与定性研究的桥梁. 武汉大学学报: 哲学社会科学版, 2006,59(3):401-406.]
[39]	Robbins P, Krueger R. Beyond bias? The promise and limits of Q method in human geography. Professional Geographer, 2000,52:636-48.
[40]	Hunter W C. Rukai indigenous tourism: Representations, cultural identity and Q method. Tourism Management, 2011,32(2):335-348.
[41]	[ Brown S R. Q methodology and qualitative research. Qualitative Health Research, 1996,6(4):561-567.
[42]	Gunderson K, Watson A. Understanding place meanings on the Bitterroot National Forest, Montana. Society & Natural Resources, 2007,20(8):705-721.
[43]	Gustafson P. Meanings of place: Everyday experience and theoretical conceptualizations. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2001,21:5-16.
[44]	Bandura A. Toward a psychology of human agency. Perspectives on Psychological Science. 2006,1:164-180.
[45]	Smith J W, Anderson D H, Moore R L. Social capital, place meanings, and perceived resilience to climate change. Rural Sociology, 2012,77(3):380-407.
[46]	Gunderson K, Watson A. Understanding place meanings on the Bitterroor National Forest, Montana. Society and Natural Resources, 2007,20:705-21.
[47]	Fei Xiaotong. From the Soil. Beijing: People's Publishing House, 2008.
	[ 费孝通. 乡土中国. 北京: 人民出版社, 2008.]
[48]	Henning C, Lieberg M. Strong ties or weak ties? Neighborhood networks in a new perspective. Scandinavian Housing and Planning Research, 1996,13(1):3-26.
[49]	Ridley M. The Origins of Virtue. London: Viking Press, 1997.
[50]	Anthony G, Zhao Xudong, Fang Wen, Wang Mingming, trans. Beijing: SDX Joint Publishing Company, 1998.
	[ 安东尼·吉登斯, 赵旭东, 方文, 王铭铭, 译. 现代性与自我认同: 现代晚期的自我与社会. 北京: 三联书店, 1998.]
[51]	Pred A. Structuration and place: On the becoming of sense of place and structure of feeling. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 1983,13(1):45-68.
[52]	Soini K, Vaarala H, Pouta E. Residents' sense of place and landscape perceptions at the rural-urban interface. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2012,104(1):124-134.
[53]	Harner J. Place identity and copper mining in Senora, Mexico. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 2001,91(4):660-680.
[54]	Soja E. Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Social Theory. London: Verso, 1989: 76-93.
[55]	Milligan M. Interactional past and potential. Symbolic Interaction, 1998,21:1-33.
[56]	Smith J W, Anderson D H, Moore R L. Social capital, place meanings, and perceived resilience to climate change. Rural Sociology, 2012,77(3):380-407.
[57]	Kay D. Parameters of social identity. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 1995,68(2):280-291.
[58]	Turner J, Yang Yiyin, Wang Bing, Lin Hanzhang, trans. Rediscovery of the Social Group: A Self-Categorization Theory. Beijing: China Renmin University Press, 2011.
	[ 特纳, 约翰, 等. 杨宜音, 王兵, 林含章, 译. 自我归类论. 北京: 中国人民大学出版社, 2011.]
[59]	Twigger Ross C L, Uzzell D. Place and identity process. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1996,16:205-220.
[60]	Liu Yingwei, Wang Tao, Zhou Ling, et al. Study on Chinese brand cultural archetype: Theory building and cross-cultural comparison. Journal of Marketing Science, 2018,14(1):1-20.
	[ 刘英为, 汪涛, 周玲, 等. 中国品牌文化原型研究: 理论构建与中西比较. 营销科学学报, 2018,14(1):1-20.]
[61]	Brewer M B, Gardner W. Who is this "We"? Levels of collective identity and self-representations. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 1996,71(1):83-93.
[62]	Kulczycki C. Place meanings and rock climbing in outdoor settings. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 2014,7/8:8-15.

序号	载荷	受访者信息	序号	载荷	受访者信息
8	0.583	女,36~50岁,本科,4,四川南充	1	0.544	女,21~35岁,本科,0.5,西安莲湖
10	0.762	女,21~35岁,本科,0.5,西安长安	2	0.693	男,21~35岁,本科,1.5,陕西咸阳
14	0.492	男,51~65岁,初中,4,陕西渭南	3	0.454	男,65岁以上,小学,10,陕西铜川
16	0.643	男,51~65岁,初中,7,西安临潼	7	0.529	男,21~35岁,中专,2,陕西宝鸡
18	0.758	女,65岁以上,初中,7,陕西延安	9	0.645	女,21~35岁,本科,2,西安灞桥
4	0.488	男,36~50岁,高中,5,陕西延安	15	0.722	女,21~35岁,大专,2,甘肃张掖
5	0.467	女,21~35岁,本科,1,陕西咸阳	6	0.818	女,21~35岁,中专,1,西安莲湖
11	0.753	男,21~35岁,本科,3,陕西延安	13	0.662	女,51~65岁,初中,3,西安临潼
12	0.559	男,36~50岁,大专,4,陕西榆林	19	0.591	女,51~65岁,高中,2,陕西渭南
17	0.884	女,36~45岁,高中,4,陕西榆林	20	0.512	男,51~65岁,初中,3,陕西咸阳

命题编号	陈述语句	标准得分
最同意的表述:
34	这里有许多自然资源	2.405^**
32	我对这里的动物、植物和风景有所依恋	1.901^**
15	这里为我的休闲活动提供了便利条件	1.525^**
17	这里提供了良好的居住环境	1.426^*
33	这个地方风景优美	1.304^**
最不同意的表述:
14	我和我的长辈都与这个地方有关系	-2.125^**
45	我在这个地方找到了独特的自己	-1.517^**

命题编号	陈述语句	标准得分
最同意的表述:
27	因为有特殊的人在这里,这是一个有意义的地方	2.046^**
37	我和家人在这里共同生活	1.839^**
31	我在这个地方遇到了新朋友	1.789^**
25	这个地方对我家庭生活的继续进行有影响	1.770^*
22	我最美好的记忆和这个地方有关	1.140^**
最不同意的表述:
13	我在这通过一些活动来锻炼自己	-1.643^**
26	我在这里实现自己的理想	-1.582^**

命题编号	陈述语句	标准得分
最同意的表述:
23	在这里我有种家的感觉	2.124^**
36	我觉得我住在这里很满意、很自豪	1.982^**
45	我在这个地方找到了独特的自己	1.517^**
29	我感觉我属于这里	1.356^**
最不同意的表述:
10	在这里我不受居住时间和距离的影响	-2.058^**
13	我在这通过一些活动来测试我的耐力	-1.372^*

命题编号	陈述语句	标准得分
最同意的表述:
1	在这里我可以参加很多娱乐活动	1.346^**
13	我在这通过一些活动来锻炼自己	1.279^*
46	在这的活动参与有益于身心健康	1.236^**
12	这个地方使我有探索的欲望和兴奋感	1.154^*
最不同意的表述:
21	这个地方承载着我过去的记忆	-1.702^**

The construction and examination of migrants' place meaning in Xi'an Qujiang New District

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 12

References 62

Related Articles 9

Metrics

Comments

维度	测量题项	因子载荷	均值	因子均值	标准差	解释总方差(%)
自我认同	集体的感觉	0.790	2.660	2.71	1.0749	18.897
	见证了完整的我	0.771	2.553		1.0638
	家的感觉	0.710	2.552		1.1239
	找到了独特的自己	0.680	2.727		1.0285
	成为这里的一部分	0.655	2.912		1.2145
	对于自身的理解发生变化	0.636	2.876		1.0585
人地互动	拥有多种自然资源	0.799	3.313	3.45	1.0907	15.975
	风景优美	0.751	3.662		0.9559
	感到神清气爽	0.734	3.370		0.9491
	视觉、听觉、嗅觉均感受到周围的环境	0.681	3.538		1.0150
	感到舒适和放松	0.640	3.366		1.0045
人际互动	最美好的记忆与这里有关	0.785	2.697	2.91	1.2831	15.039
	这里与重要人物、重要时刻有关	0.770	2.840		1.3098
	因为某些人在,这是有意义的地方	0.710	2.911		1.2702
	我享受在这里的独处	0.616	3.153		1.2962
	在这里自省	0.597	2.950		1.3203
综合互动	获取发现和学习的外部经验	0.784	3.259	3.24	1.0165	13.960
	这里是独特的	0.688	3.431		1.0175
	拓展了世界观	0.680	3.103		1.1649
	有探索的欲望和兴奋感	0.502	3.173		1.0480

	组合信度(CR)	收敛效度(AVE)	自我认同	人地互动	人际互动	综合互动
自我认同	0.8667	0.5215	0.722
人地互动	0.8438	0.5203	0.70	0.721
人际互动	0.8236	0.5032	0.57	0.46	0.709
综合互动	0.8007	0.5015	0.65	0.71	0.56	0.708

检验指标	χ²/df	RASEA	GFI	TLI	NFI	CFI
参考标准	1~3	< 0.08	> 0.9	> 0.9	> 0.9	> 0.9
数值	2.58	0.066	0.901	0.913	0.888	0.927

[1]	Liyue LIN, Yu ZHU, Wenqian KE, Jianshun WANG. The impact of migrants' access to urban public services on their urban settlement intentions: A study from the perspective of different-sized cities [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(4): 737-752.
[2]	LYU Lachang,SUN Feixiang,HUANG Ru. Innovation-based urbanization: Evidence from 270 cities at the prefecture level or above in China [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2018, 73(10): 1910-1922.
[3]	ZHOUWenting, LIU Yungang, JEON Jiyoung. Making, development and transformation of South Korean Enclave in China: A case study ofWangjing, Beijing [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(4): 649-665.
[4]	WU Wenheng,ZHANG Jingsa,XU Kaiying,QU Yinghao,ZHU Hongying. Floating characteristics and formation mechanism of rural-urban migrants in China from the perspective of the urban house purchasing [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(10): 1680-1695.
[5]	LIN Liyue,ZHU Yu. Spatial variation and its determinants of migrants' Hukou transfer intention of China's prefecture- and provincial-level cities：Evidence from the 2012 national migrant population dynamic monitoring survey [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(10): 1696-1709.
[6]	Mingfeng WANG, Hong CHENG, Yuemin NING. Social integration of migrants in Shanghai's urban villages [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(8): 1243-1255.
[7]	Xianyang HU, Kai BAI. The construction of tourists' placeness identity of Barkhor Street in Lhasa [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(10): 1632-1663.
[8]	LI Zhigang. Housing Conditions, Patterns and Mechanisms of Second Generation Migrants in Urban China: A Case Study of Six Large Cities [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012, 67(2): 189-200.
[9]	Chen Zhongxiang. A STUDY ON THE "DIAO ZHUANG" VILLAGES IN THE NEW IRRIGATED AREAS IN NINGXIA [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1995, 50(6): 514-520.