南海珊瑚礁人工岛淡水透镜体形成过程及影响因素

doi:10.11821/dlxb202005012

Abstract

Abstract:

The goal of constructing artificial islands on coral reefs in China is to build ecological habitable islands. The seawater in the artificial islands is gradually replaced by rainfall infiltration, and the freshwater lens formed is an important water source supporting the island ecosystem. The double-layer geological structure is widespread in coral reefs in the South China Sea. Considering the fact that there exists a great large difference in the permeability coefficients obtained using different measurement methods, this study established numerical simulation models for a coral reef island in the South China Sea to simulate the seawater refreshing process. The results show that different permeabilities of the double-layer geological structure of the artificial islands have no obvious influence on the formation time of fresh water on the artificial islands. The permeability of the Holocene coral sand sediment is the main factor controlling the freshwater lens of the artificial reef. The volume of the forming freshwater lens decreases logarithmically with the increase of the permeability coefficient, and the volume of the freshwater lens decreases more significantly with the increase of the permeability of the Holocene sediment than the thickness of the freshwater lens. After the freshwater lens crossed the unconformity surface and entered the Pleistocene reef limestone, due to the sudden increase of the permeability coefficient of the aquifer, the freshwater lens expanded to the horizontal direction and formed the mustached-shape freshwater body in the reef limestone.

Key words: artificial island, double-layer geological structure, freshwater lens, coral sand permeability, South China Sea

HAN Dongmei, CAO Guoliang, SONG Xianfang. Formation processes and influencing factors of freshwater lens in artificial island of coral reef in South China Sea[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(5): 1053-1064.

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测定方法		试样个数/实验组数	渗透系数范围(m/d)	渗透系数平均值(m/d)	数据来源
室内实验	常水头渗透实验	7	535.3~1334.1	706.6	[39]
	常水头渗透实验	5	0.3~1.5	0.9	[22]
	常水头渗透实验	1		1023.8	[19]
	常水头渗透实验	1		58.6	[17]
原位实验	双环渗透实验	12	1.0~52.0		[21]
	多孔稳定流抽水实验	3	0.7~1.6	1.1	[20]
	多孔稳定流抽水实验	4	103.1~114.4	110.0	[16]

全新世珊瑚砂渗透系数(KHH)(m/d)	更新世礁灰岩渗透系数(KHP)为500 m/d			更新世礁灰岩渗透系数(KHP)为1000 m/d
全新世珊瑚砂渗透系数(KHH)(m/d)	淡水透镜体开始形成时间(a)	淡水透镜体最大厚度(m)	淡水透镜体体积(万m³)	淡水透镜体开始形成时间(a)	淡水透镜体最大厚度(m)	淡水透镜体体积(万m³)
5	1.64	22.5	4774.75	1.72	19.5	4463.25
10	1.47	22.5	3969.25	1.84	20.5	3103.5
20	1.7	20.5	2850.25	1.75	19.5	2670.75
30	1.54	21.5	2492.25	1.64	19.5	2378.75
40	1.52	20.5	2257.25	1.53	19.5	2134
50	1.51	20.5	2081.5	1.53	18.5	1964.5
60	1.51	20.5	1963	1.52	18.5	1829.75
70	1.47	19.5	1835.5	1.48	18.5	1769.75
80	1.49	19.5	1715.25	1.49	19.5	1699.75
90	1.46	18.5	1599	1.46	18.5	1587.75
100	1.43	17.5	1502.25	1.43	17.5	1487.25
150	1.44	14.5	1148.75	1.43	14.5	1137.75
200	1.42	12.5	958	1.45	12.5	945.75
300	1.43	8.5	633.5	1.4	7.5	554.75
400	1.43	6.5	387.75	1.43	6.5	389.25
500	1.45	4.5	194.5	1.42	5.5	179.5

Formation processes and influencing factors of freshwater lens in artificial island of coral reef in South China Sea

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