藏南羊卓雍错沉积物元素地球化学记录的过去2000年环境变化

doi:10.11821/dlxb201907006

Abstract

Abstract:

The Tibetan Plateau is sensitive to climate changes induced by interactions of large scale atmospheric circulations, including the East Asian monsoon, Indian monsoon and mid-latitude westerlies. In this paper, we present a high-resolution chemical element dataset covering the past 2000 years from Lake Yamzhog Yumco (28°27′N-29°12′N, 90°08′E-91°45′E, altitude in 4440 m a.s.l.), which is a representative inland lake located in the southern Tibetan Plateau. These data were acquired using an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanner, which is used for in situ, high-resolution, continuous, multi-element analyses. The chronology presented herein is based on ²¹⁰Pb and AMS ¹⁴C dates from the macro-remains of plants. The interpretation of elemental geochemistry, together with magnetic susceptibility and grain-size, enabled the reconstruction of the environmental changes in the southern Tibetan Plateau over the past 2000 years. Reconstructions of the temperatures, precipitation and lake levels indicated that the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and Current Warm Period (CWP) were associated with low precipitation and high temperatures. In contrast, the Dark Cold Age Period (DCAP) and Little Ice Age (LIA) were associated with high precipitation and low temperatures. Moreover, the level of warmth during the peak of the MWP may equal or slightly exceed the 20th century warming. In addition, the prolonged LIA may have experienced a warm event on a centennial timescale, and the 17th and 18th centuries may be the coldest centuries in the last two millennia. Our reconstructions also indicated that the lake level evolution has been affected by interactions of temperature and precipitation. More specifically, during the cold periods, an increase of precipitation amplified the rise of lake levels, and vice versa. The climate records from Lake Yamzhog Yumco have confirmed a cold-moist/warm-dry climate pattern on the southern Tibetan Plateau over the past 2000 years. Additionally, the temperature variations inferred from the records were strongly correlated with the solar irradiance and northern hemispheric temperature changes, which suggests a possible link between the solar forcing and climate variability in the past 2000 years on the southern Tibetan Plateau. In addition, the enhancement and southward shift of the westerlies was determined to have significantly contributed to the high precipitation conditions during the LIA on the southern Tibetan Plateau.

Key words: elemental chemistry, southern Tibetan Plateau, the past 2000 years, Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age, climate change

GUO Chao,MENG Hongwei,MA Yuzhen,LI Dandan,HU Caili,LIU Jierui,LUO Congwen,WANG Kai. Environmental variations recorded by chemical element in the sediments of Lake Yamzhog Yumco on the southern Tibetan Plateau over the past 2000 years[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(7): 1345-1362.

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样品编号	材料	深度(cm)	δ¹³C(‰)	AMS¹⁴C年代 (¹⁴C a BP)	校正¹⁴C年代 (cal year BP (2σ))	日历年(AD)
YH-02	植物残体	32	-7.5	420±30	710±30	1370~1380
YH-03	植物残体	40	-5.9	900±30	1210±30	770~890

	Al	Si	K	Ti	Rb	Fe	Cu	Zn	Pb	Br	Ca	Sr
Si	0.69^**
K	0.68^**	0.91^**
Ti	0.71^**	0.89^**	0.97^**
Rb	0.70^**	0.73^**	0.85^**	0.89^**
Fe	0.47^**	0.37^**	0.59^**	0.62^**	0.81^**
Cu	0.40^**	0.22^*	0.32^**	0.42^**	0.66^**	0.74^**
Zn	0.54^**	0.49^**	0.68^**	0.70^**	0.82^**	0.83^**	0.70^**
Pb	0.09	-0.17	0.01	0.04	0.35^**	0.76^**	0.67^**	0.45^**
Br	0.04	-0.29^**	-0.1	-0.06	0.18	0.59^**	0.56^**	0.33^**	0.86^**
Ca	-0.35^**	-0.09	-0.12	-0.28^**	-0.52^**	-0.43^**	-0.72^**	-0.43^**	-0.38^**	-0.33^**
Sr	-0.29^**	-0.04	-0.08	-0.24^*	-0.45^**	-0.39^**	-0.64^**	-0.36^**	-0.36^**	-0.33^**	0.95^**
Y	0.50^**	0.64^**	0.54^**	0.56^**	0.47^**	0.09	0.23^*	0.31^**	-0.28^**	-0.38^**	-0.29^**	-0.23^*

元素	主成分
元素	1	2	3
Al	0.747	0.122	-0.223
Si	0.948	-0.101	0.052
K	0.949	0.160	0.133
Ti	0.947	0.172	-0.038
Rb	0.838	0.435	-0.224
Y	0.706	-0.346	-0.325
Fe	0.485	0.838	-0.098
Cu	0.335	0.653	-0.549
Zn	0.643	0.604	-0.130
Pb	-0.100	0.925	-0.168
Br	-0.238	0.866	-0.165
Ca	-0.196	-0.305	0.898
Sr	-0.138	-0.292	0.870
方差贡献(%)	47.301	23.763	11.850
累积方差贡献(%)	47.301	71.064	82.914

Environmental variations recorded by chemical element in the sediments of Lake Yamzhog Yumco on the southern Tibetan Plateau over the past 2000 years

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