全球主要河流流域碳酸盐岩风化碳汇评估

doi:10.11821/dlxb201907004

Abstract

Abstract:

Atmospheric CO₂ uptake by carbonate rock weathering is continuously transported from the land to the ocean by rivers in the form of HCO₃ ^-, and it has become an important carbon sink of terrestrial ecosystems. In the existing research, the estimation and distribution of carbonate weathering-related carbon sink in global major river basins are still unclear. In this study, we collect hydrochemical and discharge data of multiyear average (runoff modulus, main ion concentration, and dissolved inorganic carbon) in large river basins over 100, 000 km ². By using hydrochem-discharge method, we estimate that the CO₂ uptake rates (F_v) of carbonate weathering in global major river basins is 0.43 ± 0.15 Pg CO₂ yr ^-1 and the average CO₂ uptake flux(F) is 7.93 ± 2.8 t km ^-2 yr ^-1. The CO₂ uptake F and uptake F_v are substantially different under various climatic zones. The annual uptake F_v of tropical and warm regions accounts for 62.95% of the total annual F_v. The cold temperate zone is widely distributed, and its CO₂ uptake F_v accounts for 33.05%, which is second only to the tropics. We also propose the nine critical zones of global CO₂ uptake F (four in the middle and low latitudes, two in the western hemisphere and three in the eastern hemisphere). The CO₂ uptake F in the intersection of the critical zones is high. The average CO₂ uptake F in the karst-outcropped basins is 8.50 t km ^-2 yr ^-1, which is approximately three times that in the non-karst basins. Carbonate weathering carbon sinks in global karst-outcropped basins play an important role in the study of global carbon cycle, water cycle, and carbon budget balance estimation. On the basis of river basin scales, various factors (e.g., carbonate composition, exogenous acid, and climatic environment) for carbonate weathering carbon sinks should be considered. The hydrochem-discharge method should be further improved in future research. Moreover, the effects of the photosynthesis of river aquatic organisms on rock weathering carbon sinks should be considered, and carbonate rock weathering carbon sinks should be refined and extrapolated to the world.

Key words: carbonate rock, assessment of carbon sink, global major river basins, hydrochem-discharge method

LI Chaojun,WANG Shijie,BAI Xiaoyong,TAN Qiu,LI Huiwen,LI Qin,DENG Yuanhong,YANG Yujie,TIAN Shiqi,HU Zeyin. Estimation of carbonate rock weathering-related carbon sink in global major river basins[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(7): 1319-1332.

Figures/Tables 8

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作者	估算区域	研究数据	估算方法	吸收速率 (Pg CO₂ yr^-1)	固碳速率 (Pg C yr^-1)	文献来源
Meybeck M (1987)	全球	流域岩石类型组成数据	温带流模型	0.51	0.14	[12]
Gaillardet等 (1999)	全球	60条最大河流站点汇编数据	反演模型	0.55	0.15	[13]
Liu等 (2000)	全球	中国部分站点数据汇编	水化学径流法	0.42	0.11	[14]
Gombert P (2002)	全球	266个气象站点数据	热力学溶蚀模型	1.1	0.30	[37]
Martin J B (2017)	全球	全球岩性数据	GEM-CO₂模型	2.93	0.80	[15]
Li等 (2018)	全球	生态气象水文遥感数据及站点数据	热力学溶蚀模型	3.26	0.89	[16]
Liu等 (2010, 2011, 2018)	全球	全球各地降水中DIC/HCO₃^-浓度站点数据汇编	偶联碳酸盐岩风化模型	1.76	0.48	[26, 33, 46]
本研究	世界90个河流流域	90条大型河流站点汇编数据	水化学径流法	0.43	0.12	本文

Estimation of carbonate rock weathering-related carbon sink in global major river basins

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