长春市城市形态及风环境对地表温度的影响

doi:10.11821/dlxb201905005

Abstract

Abstract:

The urban heat island effect has received an increasing attention recently with the acceleration of urbanization. However, so far few studies have focuses on the effects of urban morphology and wind conditions on land surface temperature (LST). This study utilizes a range of multi-source data including architecture and remote sensing and applies a GIS spatial method combined with urban building frontal area index (FAI) and LST. This research aims to evaluate spatiotemporal differences in the FAI of urban built-up areas as well as to explore the influence of urban form on surface temperature. Results initially reveal that building FAI conforms to a spatial trend comprising outward diffusion from the city center and shows that high density, higher elevation buildings hinder the wind strongly. Data show that FAI values for the north of Chaoyang District are the largest, reaching a maximum of 15.1, while those for edge areas for each district are the smallest, falling to a minimum of 0.01. Secondly, the results of this analysis reveal large differences in surface temperature between day and night within the study area, ranging between 18.15 ℃ and 31.73 ℃ and between 4.27 ℃ and 18.43 ℃, respectively. Spatial distribution values exhibit the same characteristics as those for the FAI; the urban central city is characterized by high temperature, which gradually spreads out in a concentric manner. The range of high temperature areas during the day is also larger than that at night as these values are influenced by other variables including urban architectural form and artificial heat sources. Thirdly, the data assembled here show that FAI is related to surface temperature to a certain extent; recorded correlations between day and night are 0.371 and 0.355, respectively, both significant at the 0.01 level. It is also the case that building spatial shape is distinct in both vertical and horizontal directions and that the influence of surface temperature varies. Wind environmental data is an important component of quantitative research on building form and is necessary if urban climate scientists and planners are to explore and enhance potential ventilated corridors within cities.

Key words: frontal area index, MODIS, urban heat island, urban wind condition, Changchun

FENG Zhangxian,WANG Shijun,JIN Shanhe,YANG Jun. Effects of urban morphology and wind conditions on land surface temperature in Changchun[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(5): 902-911.

Figures/Tables 8

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相关参数	数据类型
相关参数	Terra-MODIS(MODLT1D)	建筑矢量数据(建筑楼层数)	气象数据(风速、风频率)
空间分辨率	1 km	-	-
时间	2016-5-17	2016	2016
数据来源	https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/	百度地图	https://rp5.ru/

城区	建筑占地面积(km²)	昼/夜地表温度(℃)
绿园区	19.89	26.61~31.73/13.47~18.13
宽城区	10.36	24.33~31.29/13.57~18.17
二道区	13.86	19.01~31.41/10.33~18.23
朝阳区	11.84	23.33~31.25/4.27~18.13
南关区	15.61	18.15~31.25/6.15~18.43

Effects of urban morphology and wind conditions on land surface temperature in Changchun

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