基于允许流失量和正负地形源汇理论的喀斯特关键带土壤侵蚀研究

doi:10.11821/dlxb201811007

Abstract

Abstract:

Traditional classic soil erosion models are not applicable in karst areas. In this study, the effective rainfall erosion threshold was obtained and the rainfall erosivity was re-estimated, according to the lithologic difference of the karst critical zone. The soil formation rate was calculated and used as the soil loss tolerance, based on the chemical composition variation of carbonate rocks. The spatial distribution information of karst depression was extracted by geomorphologic-hydrologic analysis, and the soil erosion algorithm in the karst critical zone was modified and improved. The results showed that: (1) The traditional algorithm ignored the specificity of the underlying surface of the karst critical zone. The average rainfall erosivity was estimated to be 47.35%, and the average rainfall erosivity in the karst area is only 59.91% of the non-karst area. (2) The soilless or less soil areas could be miscalculated as the high erosion region by using the conventional algorithm. However, the soil loss tolerance by continuous carbonate, carbonate clastic, carbonate and clastic interbeds were about 0.21, 1.2 and 2.89 t ha^-1 yr^-1, respectively. (3) Sloping lands and croplands in the depressions are generally regarded as the high incidence area of soil erosion, but the depression of the karst should be the sediment area of surface erosion. The spatial distribution of karst depression was basically coincided with that of carbonate rocks. (4) The traditional algorithm overestimated the soil erosion area at about 27.79%, while the soil erosion amount at approximately 47.72%. Generally, the traditional classic model could greatly overestimate the soil erosion amount in the karst area, therefore, an accurate and applicable model should be established. In addition, due to the slow soil formation rate, the thin soil layer and the less total amount of soil in karst area, the soil loss tolerance was far lower than the erosion standard of non-karst area. The classifying and grading standard and risk assessment method of soil erosion applicable to karst area should be set and established.

Key words: karst, rainfall erosivity factor, soil loss tolerance, depression sedimentary, theoretical soil erosion, actual soil erosion, southwest China

QIAN Qinghuan,WANG Shijie,BAI Xiaoyong,ZHOU Dequan,TIAN Yichao,LI Qin,WU Luhua,XIAO Jianyong,ZENG Cheng,CHEN Fei. Assessment of soil erosion in karst critical zone based on soil loss tolerance and source-sink theory of positive and negative terrains[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2018, 73(11): 2135-2149.

References

[1]	Qiao Yuliang, Qiao Yun.Fast soil erosion investigation and dynamic analysis in the Loess Plateau of China by using information composite technique. Advances in Space Research, 2002 , 29(1): 85-88.http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0273117701006330
[2]	Fu Bojie, Zhao Wenwu, Chen Liding, et al.Multi-scale soil erosion evaluation index. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2006, 1(16): 1936-1943.
[2]	[傅伯杰, 赵文武, 陈利顶, 等. 多尺度土壤侵蚀评价指数. 科学通报, 2006, 1(16): 1936-1943.]http://www.cqvip.com/Main/Detail.aspx?id=22721871
[3]	Liu Shiliang, Guo Xudong, Lian Gang, et al.Multi-scale ecological security evaluation of typical fragile areas in Loess Plateau. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(7): 1554-1559.
[3]	[刘世梁, 郭旭东, 连纲, 等. 黄土高原典型脆弱区生态安全多尺度评价. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(7): 1554-1559.]
[4]	Fu Bojie, Qiu Yang, Wang Jun, et al.Effect simulations of land use change on the runoff and erosion for a gully catchment of the Loess Plateau, China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2002, 57(6): 717-722.
[4]	[傅伯杰, 邱扬, 王军, 等. 黄土丘陵小流域土地利用变化对水土流失的影响. 地理学报, 2002, 57(6): 717-722.]http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_dlxb200206012.aspx
[5]	Roberto R, Thanh H L, Maria C R.A RUSLE approach to model suspended sediment load in the Lo river (Vietnam): Effects of reservoirs and land use changes. Journal of Hydrology, 2012, 422(5): 17-29.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169411008821
[6]	Fu Bojie, Chen Liding, Qiu Yang, et al.Variability of the soilphysical properties on the Loess Plateau. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2002, 57(5): 587-594.
[6]	[傅伯杰, 陈利顶, 邱扬, 等. 黄土丘陵小流域土壤物理性质的空间变异. 地理学报, 2002, 57(5): 587-594.]http://www.cqvip.com/Main/Detail.aspx?id=6796058
[7]	Liu Shiliang, Fu Bojie, Ma Keming.et al.Effects of vegetation types and landscape features on soil properties at the plateau in the upper reaches of Minjiang River. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, 15(1): 26-30.
[7]	[刘世梁, 傅伯杰, 马克明, 等. 岷江上游高原植被类型与景观特征对土壤性质的影响. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15(1): 26-30.]
[8]	Zha Liangsong, Deng Guohui, Gu Jiachuang.Dynamic changes of soil erosion in the Chaohu Watershed from 1992 to 2013. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(11): 1708-1719.
[8]	[查良松, 邓国徽, 谷家川. 1992-2013年巢湖流域土壤侵蚀动态变化. 地理学报, 2015, 70(11): 1708-1719.]http://www.cqvip.com/QK/90059X/201511/666656864.html
[9]	Wang Jiao, Cheng Weimin, Qi Shenglin, et al.Sensitive evaluation and spatial analysis of soil and water loss based on USLE and GIS: Taking Taihang Mountain area of Hebei Province as an example. Geographical Research, 2014, 33(4): 614-624.
[9]	[王娇, 程维明, 祁生林, 等. 基于USLE和GIS的水土流失敏感性空间分析: 以河北太行山区为例. 地理研究, 2014, 33(4): 614-624.]http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dlyj201404002
[10]	Alkharabsheh M M, Alexandridis T K, Bilas G, et al.Impact of land cover change on soil erosion hazard in northern Jordan using remote sensing and GIS. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2013, 19(12): 912-921.https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S187802961300371X
[11]	Liu Shuyan, Qin Fucang, Xiang Yuanhe, et al.Study on the relationship between slope and the amount of soil loss based on WEPP. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2006, 20(4): 97-101.
[11]	[刘淑燕, 秦富仓, 项元和, 等. 基于WEPP模型进行坡度因子与侵蚀量关系研究. 干旱区资源与环境, 2006, 20(4): 97-101.]http://www.cqvip.com/Main/Detail.aspx?id=22085017
[12]	Wang Jianxun, Zheng Fenli, Jiang Zhongshan, et al.Hillslope soil erosion prediction based on WEPP model under different slope lengths in hilly-gully region of the loess area. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2008, 30(2): 151-156.
[12]	[王建勋, 郑粉莉, 江忠善, 等. 基于WEPP的黄土丘陵区不同坡长条件下坡面土壤侵蚀预测. 北京林业大学学报, 2008, 30(2): 151-156.]http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/bjlydxxb200802027
[13]	Liu Shiliang, Dong Yuhong, Wang Jun.Effects of land consolidation on long-term soil erosion based on WEPP model. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2014, 28(4): 18-22.
[13]	[刘世梁, 董玉红, 王军. 基于WEPP模型的土地整理对长期土壤侵蚀的影响. 水土保持学报, 2014, 28(4): 18-22.]
[14]	Long Mingzhong, Wu Kehua, Xiong Kangning.Assessment of the applicability of the WEPP model (Hillslope Version) for soil erosion in karst rock desertification area, Guizhou Province. Carsologica Sinica, 2014, 33(2): 201-207.
[14]	[龙明忠, 吴克华, 熊康宁. WEPP模型(坡面版)在贵州石漠化地区土壤侵蚀模拟的适用性评价. 中国岩溶, 2014, 33(2): 201-207.]
[15]	Wang Jianxun, Zheng Fenli, Jiang Zhongshan, et al.Assessment of WEPP model applicability (hillslope version) on hill-gully region of the Loess Plateau: A case study in slope length factor. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2007, 27(2): 50-55.
[15]	[王建勋, 郑粉莉, 江忠善, 等. WEPP模型坡面版在黄土丘陵沟壑区的适用性评价: 以坡长因子为例. 水土保持通报, 2007, 27(2): 50-55.]http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/stbctb200702012
[16]	Ye Jundao, Qin Fucang, Yue Yongjie, et al.The applicability of WEPP in simulating the soil erosion in soft rock region. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2012, 26(7): 132-135.
[16]	[叶俊道, 秦富仓, 岳永杰, 等. WEPP模型在砒砂岩地区土壤侵蚀模拟的适用性研究. 干旱区资源与环境, 2012, 26(7): 132-135.]http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/ghqzyyhj201207023
[17]	Liu Yuanli, Zheng Fenli, Wang Bin, et al.Assessment of WEPP model applicability in black soil zone of Northeast China: A case study of slope gradient and soil and water conservation measures. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2010, 30(1): 139-145.
[17]	[刘远利, 郑粉莉, 王彬, 等. WEPP模型在东北黑土区的适用性评价: 以坡度和水保措施为例. 水土保持通报, 2010, 30(1): 139-145.]http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/stbctb201001030
[18]	An Xianjin, Li Wei.Development trends of global Karst research based on WOS and CSCD. Journal of Guizhou Normal University (Natural Sciences). 2018, 36(3): 14-22.
[18]	[安显金, 李维. 基于WOS数据库和CSCD的全球喀斯特研究动态. 贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 36(3): 14-22.
[19]	Shi Dongmei, Lu Xiping, Liu Lizhi.Study on functions of soil and water conservation by mulberry hedgerow intercropping of purples soil slopping farmland in Three Gorges Reservoir region. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2005, 19(3): 75-79.
[19]	[史东梅, 卢喜平, 刘立志. 三峡库区紫色土坡地桑基植物篱水土保持作用研究. 水土保持学报, 2005, 19(3): 75-79.]http://www.cqvip.com/Main/Detail.aspx?id=16049899
[20]	Li Sheng, Ren Huadong, Yao Xiaohua, et al.Study on characteristics of runoff and nutrition loss between different vegetation land in typical karst rock desertification zone. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2009, 23(2): 1-6.
[20]	[李生, 任华东, 姚小华, 等. 典型石漠化地区不同植被类型地表水土流失特征研究. 水土保持学报, 2009, 23(2): 1-6.]http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/trqsystbcxb200902001
[21]	Peng Tao, Wang Shijie, Zhang Xinbao, et al.Results of preliminary monitoring of surface runoff coefticients for karst slopes. Earth and Enivronment, 2008, 36(2): 125-129.
[21]	[彭韬, 王世杰, 张信宝, 等. 喀斯特坡地地表径流系数监测初报. 地球与环境, 2008, 36(2): 125-129.]http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dzdqhx200802005
[22]	Peng Tao, Yang Tao, Wang Shijie, et al.Monitoring results of soil loss in karst slopes. Earth and Environment, 2009, 37(2): 126-130.
[22]	[彭韬, 杨涛, 王世杰, 等. 喀斯特坡地土壤流失监测结果简报. 地球与环境, 2009, 37(2): 126-130.]
[23]	Wei Xingping, Xie Shiyou, Zhang Zhiwei, et al.Characteristics of surface soil erosion of carbonate vally in different land use types at Nanping in Chongqing. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2011, 27(6): 42-46.
[23]	[魏兴萍, 谢世友, 张志伟, 等. 重庆南平镇岩溶槽谷区不同土地利用类型地表水土流失. 农业工程学报, 2011, 27(6): 42-46.]
[24]	Yuan Daoxian, Cai Guihong. Karst Environment Science.Chongqing: Chongqing Press, 1988.
[24]	[袁道先, 蔡桂鸿. 岩溶环境学. 重庆: 重庆出版社, 1988.]
[25]	Ying Bin, Fang Yiping.The classification of China mountain areas and its spatial distribution characteristics. Journal of Guizhou Normal University (Natural Sciences). 2017, 35(5): 7-14.
[25]	[盈斌, 方一平. 中国山区类型划分及其空间格局特征. 贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 35(5): 7-14.]
[26]	Richardson C W, Foster G R, Wright D A.Estimation of erosion index from daily rainfall amount. Transactions of the ASABE, 1983, 26(1): 153-156.http://elibrary.asabe.org/abstract.asp??JID=3&AID=33893&CID=t1983&v=26&i=1&T=1
[27]	Elsenbeer H D, Classel W T.A daily rainfall erosivity model for western Amazonia. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1993, 48(5): 439-444.http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US9426681
[28]	Hu Xuli, Pan Jianjun, Yang Shujiang, et al.Comparative study on rainfall erosivity models using daily rainfall amounts. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2006, 26(1): 68-70.
[28]	[胡续礼, 潘剑君, 杨树江, 等. 几种降雨侵蚀力模型的比较研究. 水土保持通报, 2006, 26(1): 68-70.]http://www.cqvip.com/Main/Detail.aspx?id=21389295
[29]	Peng Xudong, Dai Quanhou, Li Changlan, et al.Effect of simulated rainfall intensities and underground pore fissure degrees on soil nutrient loss from slope farmlands in carbonate region. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017, 33(2): 131-140.
[29]	[彭旭东, 戴全厚, 李昌兰, 等. 模拟雨强和地下裂隙对喀斯特地区坡耕地养分流失的影响. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(2): 131-140.]http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/nygcxb201702018
[30]	Xie Yun, Liu Baoyuan, Zhang Wenbo.Study on standard of erosive rainfall. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2000, 14(4): 6-11.
[30]	[谢云, 刘宝元, 章文波. 侵蚀性降雨标准研究. 水土保持学报, 2000, 14(4): 6-11.]http://www.cqvip.com/Main/Detail.aspx?id=4877109
[31]	Wang Shijie, Li Ruiling, Zhou Dequan, et al.How types of carbonate rock assemblages constrain the distribution of carbonate rocky desertified land in Guizhou Province, P R China: Phenomena and mechanisms. Land Degradation & Development, 2004, 15(2): 123-131.
[32]	Li Yangbing, Wang Shijie, Wei Chaofu, et al.The spatial distribution of soil loss tolerance in carbonate area in Guizhou Province. Earth and Environment, 2006, 34(4): 36-40.
[32]	[李阳兵, 王世杰, 魏朝富, 等. 贵州省碳酸盐岩地区土壤允许流失量的空间分布. 地球与环境, 2006, 34(4): 36-40.]http://www.cqvip.com/qk/94506a/200604/23535621.html
[33]	Zhang Liping, Yang Dayuan, Zhu Dakui.Relationship between the tolerance loss value of soil and the weathering and denudation rate of parent rock. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2003, 12(4): 382-387.
[33]	[张丽萍, 杨达源, 朱大奎. 母岩的风化剥蚀速率与土壤允许流失量的关系: 以长江三峡坝区风化花岗岩土壤为例. 长江流域资源与环境, 2003, 12(4): 382-387.]http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_cjlyzyyhj200304016.aspx
[34]	Bai Xiaoyong, Wang Shijie.Relationships between soil loss tolerance and carbonate rocky desertification. Journal of Natural Resources, 2011, 26(8): 1315-1322.
[34]	[白晓永, 王世杰. 岩溶区土壤允许流失量与土地石漠化的关系. 自然资源学报, 2011, 26(8): 1315-1322.]
[35]	Cao Jianhua, Jiang Zhongcheng, Yang Desheng, et al.Grading of soil erosion intensity in southwest carbonate area of China. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2008, 6(6): 1-7, 20.
[35]	[曹建华, 蒋忠诚, 杨德生, 等. 我国西南岩溶区土壤侵蚀强度分级标准研究. 中国水土保持科学, 2008, 6(6): 1-7, 20.]http://www.cqvip.com/QK/71135X/201107/29030995.html
[36]	Cao Jianhua, Jiang Zhongcheng, Yang Desheng, et al.Soil loss tolerance and its prevention and control measures of karst area in Southwest China. Soil and Water Conservation in China, 2008(12): 40-45.
[36]	[曹建华, 蒋忠诚, 杨德生, 等. 中国西南岩溶区土壤允许流失量及防治对策. 中国水土保持, 2008(12): 40-45.]
[37]	Chen Xiaooping.Research on characteristics of soil erosion in carbonate mountainous region environment. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1997, 3(4): 32-37.
[37]	[陈晓平. 喀斯特山区环境土壤侵蚀特性的分析研究. 土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报, 1997, 3(4): 32-37.]http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-TRQS704.005.htm
[38]	People's Republic of China Ministry of Water Resources. SL190-2007 Standards of Classification and Gradation of Soil Erosion. Beijing: China Water Power Press, 2007.
[38]	[中华人民共和国水利部. SL190-2007土壤侵蚀分类分级标准. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2007.]
[39]	Tang Guoan, Yang Xin.ArcGIS Geographic Information System Spatial Analysis Experimental Course. Beijing: Science Press, 2006.
[39]	[汤国安, 杨昕. ArcGIS地理信息系统空间分析实验教程. 北京: 科学出版社, 2006.]
[40]	Williams J R, Arnold J G.A system of erosion-sediment yield models. Soil Technology, 1997, 11(1): 43-55.http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0933363096001146
[41]	Liu Baoyuan. Nearing MRL.Slope gradient effects on soil loss for steep slopes. Transactions of the ASABE, 1994, 37(6): 1835-1840.http://elibrary.asabe.org/abstract.asp??JID=3&AID=28273&CID=t1994&v=37&i=6&T=1
[42]	Wischmeier W H, Smith D D.Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses: A Guide to Conversation Planning. Agriculture Handbook No. 537. US Department of Agriculture Science and Education Administration: Washington DC, 1978.
[43]	McCool D, Foster G, Mutchler C. Revised slope length factor for the universal soil loss equation. Transactions of the ASABE, 1989, 32(5): 1571-1576.http://elibrary.asabe.org/abstract.asp??JID=3&AID=31192&CID=t1989&v=32&i=5&T=1
[44]	Van der Knijff JM, Jones RJA, Montanarella L. Soil erosion risk assessment in Europe EUR 19044 EN. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities: Luxembourg, 2000.
[45]	Chen Sixu, Yang Xiaohuan, Xiao Linlin, et al.Study of soil erosion in the southern hillside area of China based on RUSLE model. Resources Science, 2014, 36(6): 1288-1297.
[45]	[陈思旭, 杨小唤, 肖林林, 等. 基于RUSLE模型的南方丘陵山区土壤侵蚀研究. 资源科学, 2014, 36(6): 1288-1297.]http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zykx201406022
[46]	Xu Yueqing, Huang Jing, Feng Yan, et al.Soil erosion economic loss under different land use structures: A case study of Maotiao River Watershed, Guizhou Province. Progress in Geography, 2010, 29(11): 1451-1456.
[46]	[许月卿, 黄靖, 冯艳, 等. 不同土地利用结构下的土壤侵蚀经济损失: 以贵州省猫跳河流域为例. 地理科学进展, 2010, 29(11): 1451-1456.]
[47]	China Geography, China Encyclopedia General Committee. China Encyclopedia: China Geography. Beijing: China Encyclopedia Publishing House, 1993.
[47]	[中国大百科全书总委员会《中国地理》. 中国大百科全书:中国地理. 北京: 中国大百科全书出版社, 1993.]
[48]	Gao Feng, Hua Cui, Lu Yuan, et al.Assessment of soil erosion in Qinjiang Watershed based on GIS and USLE. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2014, 21(1): 18-22, 28.
[48]	[高峰, 华璀, 卢远, 等. 基于GIS和USLE的钦江流域土壤侵蚀评估. 水土保持研究, 2014, 21(1): 18-22, 28.]http://www.cqvip.com/QK/98303X/201401/48766046.html
[49]	Wu Changguang.Assessment of vegetation cover dynamic and soil erosion risk in Three Gorges Reservoir Area underthe background of climate change [D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University.
[49]	[吴昌广. 气候变化背景下三峡库区植被覆盖动态及其土壤侵蚀风险研究 [D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2011.]
[50]	Zeng Lingyun.Study on soil erosion in karst area based on RUSLE model [D]. Beijing: Peking University, 2008.
[50]	[曾凌云. 基于RUSLE模型的喀斯特地区土壤侵蚀研究 [D]. 北京: 北京大学, 2008.]

Assessment of soil erosion in karst critical zone based on soil loss tolerance and source-sink theory of positive and negative terrains

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Cited

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

[1]	WANG Yanlin, ZHOU Zhongfa, XUE Bingqing, LI Po, TIAN Zhonghui, ZHANG Jie, TANG Yuntao. The vertical conversion characteristics and influence of the partial pressure of CO₂ in the water-soil-atmosphere of critical karst zone [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(5): 1008-1021.
[2]	XIONG Junnan,LI Jin,CHENG Weiming,ZHOU Chenghu,GUO Liang,ZHANG Xiaolei,WANG Nan,LI Wei. Spatial-temporal distribution and the influencing factors of mountain flood disaster in southwest China [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(7): 1374-1391.
[3]	WANG Zhengxiong,JIANG Yongjun,ZHANG Yuanzhu,DUAN Shihui,LIU Jiuchan,ZENG Ze,ZENG Sibo. Spatial distribution and driving factors of karst rocky desertification based on GIS and geodetectors [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(5): 1025-1039.
[4]	DU Fangjuan,ZHOU Yue,ZHUANG Shurong,YE Shian. Geographical studies of Southwest China based on articles published in Acta Geographica Sinica from 1934 to 2018 [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(11): 2243-2259.
[5]	JIA Yangwen,HAO Chunfeng,NIU Cunwen,QIU Yaqin,DU Junkai,XU Fei,LIU Huan. Spatio-temporal variations of precipitation and runoff and analyses of water-heat-human-land matching characteristics in typical mountainous areas of China [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(11): 2288-2302.
[6]	HOU Wenjuan,GAO Jiangbo,DAI Erfu,PENG Tao,WU Shaohong,WANG Huan. The runoff generation simulation and its spatial variation analysis in Sanchahe basin as the south source of Wujiang [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2018, 73(7): 1268-1282.
[7]	LI Yuhui,DING Zhiqiang,WU Xiaoyue. A quantitative study on the karst geomorphic evolution of Shilin county in Yunnan province of China based on Strahler hypsometric analysis [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2018, 73(5): 973-985.
[8]	YANG Qingyuan,BI Guohua,CHEN Zhantu,ZENG Li,YANG Renhao. Spatial allocation of fallow land in karst rocky desertification areas: A case study in Qinglong County, Guizhou Province [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2018, 73(11): 2250-2266.
[9]	Xianwei SONG, Yang GAO, Xuefa WEN, Dali GUO, Guirui YU, Nianpeng HE, Jinzhong ZHANG. Rock-weathering-related carbon sinks and associated ecosystem service functions in the karst critical zone in China [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(11): 1926-1938.
[10]	Shaoyun ZHANG, Zhongfa ZHOU, Kangning XIONG, Zhonghui TIAN, Quan CHEN, Lihui YAN, Yating XIE. Spatial pattern of the caves in Guizhou Province andtheir the influencing factors [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(11): 1998-2009.
[11]	LIU Xiaoyan,DANG Suzhen,LIU Changming. Change of the relationship between recharge, runoff and drainage of groundwater in Tianqiao spring region and Yellow River reach and its impact on runoff [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(1): 66-74.
[12]	Wei SHUI, Yiping CHEN, Yawen WANG, Zheng'an SU, Su ZHANG. Origination, study progress and prospect of karst tiankeng research in China [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(3): 431-446.
[13]	ZHAO Aifang, ZHANG Mingjun, SUN Meiping, WANG Baolong, WANG Shengjie, WANG Qiong. Changes in 0 ℃ isotherm height of Southwest China during 1960-2010 [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2013, 68(7): 994-1006.
[14]	XIONG Kangning, LI Jin, LONG Mingzhong. Features of Soil and Water Loss and Key Issues in Demonstration Areas for Combating Karst Rocky Desertification [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012, 67(7): 878-888.
[15]	LIANG Yutian, FAN Jie, SUN Wei, HAN Xiaoxu, MA Hailong, SHENG Kerong, XU Yong, WANG Chuansheng. The Influencing Factors of Rural Household Energy Consumption Structure in Mountainous Areas of Southwest China: A Case Study of Zhaotong City of Yunnan Province [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012, 67(2): 221-229.