长江中下游阻隔性河段作用机理

doi:10.11821/dlxb201705005

Abstract

Abstract:

The channel in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is characterized by staggered distribution of the bifurcated channel and the single-thread channel. The amplitude of change of river regime is stronger in a bifurcated channel than in a single-thread channel. The adjustment of the river regime in the upper reaches usually propagates to the lower reaches through the migration of the main stream line and causes the riverbed evolution of the lower reaches. Whether the adjustment of the river regime in the bifurcated channel can pass through a single-thread channel and propagate to the lower reaches will affect the stability of the overall river regime. Studies show that the barrier river reach can block the upstream channel adjustment from propagating to the lower reaches; therefore, it plays a key role in stabilizing the river regime. This study investigates 34 single-thread channel reaches in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. On the basis of the systematic summary of the regularities of riverbed evolution in the middle and lower Yangtze River, the control factors of barrier river reach are summarized and extracted: the planar morphology of single-thread and meandering; no flow deflecting node in the upper or middle part of the river reach; the hydraulic geometric coefficient is less than 4; the longitudinal gradient is greater than 1.2?; the clay content of the concave bank is greater than 9.5%; the median diameter of the bed sediment is greater than 0.158 mm. Derived from the Navier-Stokes equation, the calculation formula of the bending radius of flow dynamic axis is deduced, and then the roles of these control factors in restricting the migration of the flow dynamic axis and shaping the barrier river reach are analyzed. The barrier river reach is considered as such when the ratio of the migration force of the flow dynamic axis to the constraining force of the channel boundary is less than 1 at different flow levels. The mechanism of the barrier river reach is such that even when the upstream river regime is adjusted, the channel boundary of this reach can constrain the migratory amplitude of the main stream line and centralize the planar position of the main stream line under different upstream river regime conditions, providing relatively stable incoming flow conditions for the lower reaches, thereby blocking the adjustment of upstream river regime from propagating to the lower reaches.

Key words: barrier river reaches, flow dynamic axis, channel boundary, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

Xingying YOU, Jinwu TANG, Xiaofeng ZHANG, Yunping YANG, Zhaohui WENG, Zhaohua SUN. Mechanism of barrier river reaches in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(5): 817-829.

Figures/Tables 8

Tab. 1

The basic conditions and the control factors of the barrier properties of the study river reaches

	序号	河段名称	河段长度(km)	距宜昌里程(km)	河道形态	是否有节点	河相系数	是否有阻隔性
沙市— 城陵矶	1	斗湖堤	9.9	175	单一微弯	无	2.55	是
	2	石首	8	234	单一微弯	中间有	2.86	否
	3	碾子湾	15	242	单一微弯	无	4.76	否
	4	河口	7	257	单一微弯	无	3.19	否
	5	调关	13	264	单一微弯	无	2.61	是
	6	莱家铺	12	277	单一微弯	无	3.32	否
	7	塔市驿	14	289	单一微弯	无	2.98	是
	8	大马洲	10.5	330	单一微弯	进口有	6.68	否
	9	砖桥	9	338	单一微弯	无	3.66	是
	10	铁铺	12	347	单一顺直	无	4.31	否
	11	反咀	6.5	356	单一微弯	无	3.11	是
	12	七公岭	7.8	380	单一微弯	中下有	3.29	否
城陵矶 —武汉	13	螺山	11	419	单一顺直	进口有	6.25	否
	14	石头关	9	456	单一微弯	出口有	5.08	否
	15	龙口	9.6	483	单一微弯	出口有	3.42	是
	16	汉金关	10.9	519	单一微弯	无	3.25	是
	17	簰洲湾	15	542	单一微弯	无	2.14	否
	18	沌口	12	610	单一顺直	中间有	5.59	否
	19	武桥	13	628	单一顺直	进口有	4.47	否
武汉— 湖口	20	阳逻	15	658	单一微弯	进口有	3.46	否
	21	湖广	10	679	单一微弯	进口有	3.93	否
	22	巴河	9.4	723	单一顺直	进口有	4.52	否
	23	黄石	15.5	753	单一微弯	出口有	2.70	是
	24	牯牛沙	17	773	单一微弯	进口有	4.07	否
	25	搁排矶	15	802	单一微弯	两岸沿程有	0.79	是
	26	武穴	13	830	单一微弯	中上有	4.87	否
	27	九江	16	853	单一微弯	无	3.17	否
湖口— 大通	28	上下三号—马垱过渡段	6	938	单一微弯	出口有	2.05	是
	29	马垱—东流过渡段	8	972	单一微弯	无	2.96	是
	30	东流—官洲过渡段	9	995	单一微弯	中间有	3.47	否
	31	官洲—安庆过渡段	16	1023	单一微弯	中间有	2.71	否
	32	安庆—太子矶过渡段	8.4	1054	单一微弯	出口有	1.71	是
	33	太子矶—贵池过渡段	10.5	1078	单一微弯	无	4.16	否
	34	大通顺直段	16	1101	单一顺直	进口有	4.29	否

Tab. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Tab. 2

The comparison of the formula results with the measured values in the Guniusha Reach

	弯曲半径计算公式(m)	流量(m3/s)
	弯曲半径计算公式(m)	1# Q=10750	1# Q=31220	2# Q=10750	2# Q=31220	2'# Q=10750	2'# Q=31220
实测值		2530	2900	2820	3940	3090	3750
欧阳履泰^[7]	$R 0 = 48.1 Q J 12 0.83$	2390	3771	2390	3771	2390	3771
张敬笃^[23]	$R 0 = 0.26 R * 0.73 B / h 0.73 Q h 23 J 12 0.23$	851	890	1549	1919	1814	2246
张植堂^[24]	$R 0 = R * Q A 2 φJg 13$	2204	3597	2056	3531	2163	3446
本研究	式（9）	2498	2976	2782	3997	3133	3771

Tab. 2

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

References 26

[1]	Liu Ya, Wang Fei, Li Yitian.Objective river pattern of waterway regulationof goose-head-shaped anabranching channel in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2015, 46(4): 443-451.
	[刘亚, 汪飞, 李义天. 长江中下游鹅头型汊道航道整治目标河型研究. 水利学报, 2015, 46(4): 443-451.]
[2]	Li Yitian, Tang Jinwu, Zhu Lingling, et al.Evolution and Waterway Regulation of the Middle and Lower Yangtze River. Beijing: China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Press, 2012.
	[李义天, 唐金武, 朱玲玲, 等. 长江中下游河道演变与航道整治. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2012.]
[3]	Liu Lin, Huang Chengtao, Li Ming, et al.Periodic evolution mechanism of staggered beach in typical straight reach of the Middle Yangtze River. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, 2014, 22(3): 445-456.
	[刘林, 黄成涛, 李明, 等. 长江中游典型顺直河段交错边滩复归性演变机理. 应用基础与工程科学学报, 2014, 22(3): 445-456.]
[4]	Luo Haichao.Characteristics of fluvial processes and stability of the braided channel in the middle and lower reaches of the YangtzeRiver. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1989(6): 10-19.
	[罗海超. 长江中下游分汊河道的演变特点及稳定性 . 水利学报, 1989(6): 10-19.]
[5]	Tang Jinwu, You Xingying, Hou Weiguo, et al.Fluvial processes trend of Ma'anshan reach in Lower Yangtze River. Journal of Sediment Research, 2015(1): 30-35. doi: 10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2015.01.006
	[唐金武, 由星莹, 侯卫国, 等.长江下游马鞍山河段演变趋势分析 . 泥沙研究, 2015(1): 30-35.] doi: 10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2015.01.006
[6]	Sun Zhaohua, Feng Qiufen, Han Jianqiao, et al.Fluvial processes of sandbars in the junction reach of single-threaded channel to anabranching channel and its impact on navigation: A case study of the Tianxingzhou Reach of the Yangtze River. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, 2013, 21(4): 647-655. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0930.2013.04.007
	[孙昭华, 冯秋芬, 韩剑桥, 等. 顺直河型与分汊河型交界段洲滩演变及其对航道条件影响: 以长江天兴洲河段为例. 应用基础与工程科学学报, 2013, 21(4): 647-655.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0930.2013.04.007
[7]	You Xingying, Tang Jinwu, Zhang Xiaofeng, et al.Preliminary study on the characteristics and origin of barrier river reach in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 2016, 47(4): 545-551. doi: 10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20150827
	[由星莹, 唐金武, 张小峰, 等. 长江中下游阻隔性河段特征及成因初步研究. 水利学报, 2016, 47(4): 545-551.] doi: 10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20150827
[8]	Qian Ning, Zhang Ren, Zhou Zhide. Fluvial Process.Beijing: Science Press, 1987.
	[钱宁, 张仁, 周志德. 河床演变学. 北京: 科学出版社, 1987.]
[9]	Leng Kui.The evolution analysis of Chengluo Reach at the Middle Yangtze River. Journal of Sediment Research, 1993(3): 109-116.
	[冷魁. 长江中游城螺河段河床演变分析. 泥沙研究, 1993(3): 109-116.]
[10]	Yu Wenchou.Actionof nodes of the braided channel at the Lower Yangtze River in the fluvial processes. Journal of Sediment Research, 1987, 12(4): 14-23.
	[余文畴. 长江下游分汊河道节点在河床演变中的作用. 泥沙研究, 1987, 12(4): 14-23.]
[11]	Song Xiaolong, Xu Guoqiang, Bai Yuchuan, et al.Experiments on the short-term development of sine-generated meandering rivers. Journal of Hydro-Environment Research, 2016(11): 42-58.
[12]	Ramos, Judith, Gracia, et al. Spatial-temporal fluvial morphology analysis in the Quelite River: Its impact on communication systems. Journal of Hydrology, 2012, 49(3): 432-433. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.05.007
[13]	Clerici A, Perego S, Chelli A, et al.Morphological changes of the floodplain reach of the Taro River (Northern Italy) in the last two centuries. Journal of Hydrology, 2015, 527: 1106-1122. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.05.063
[14]	Regalla C, Kirby E, Fisher D, et al.Active forearc shortening in Tohoku, Japan: Constraints on fault geometry from erosion rates and fluvial longitudinal profiles. Geomorphology, 2013, 195(4): 84-98. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.04.029
[15]	Julian J P, Torres R.Hydraulic erosion of cohesive riverbanks. Geomorphology, 2006, 76(1/2): 193-206. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.11.003
[16]	Bandyopadhyay S, Ghosh K, De S K.A proposed method of bank erosion vulnerability zonation and its application on the River Haora, Tripura, India. Geomorphology, 2014, 224(224): 111-121. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.07.018
[17]	Langendoen E J, Mendoza A, Abad J D, et al.Improved numerical modeling of morphodynamics of rivers with steep banks. Advances in Water Resources, 2015, 93: 4-14. doi: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.04.002
[18]	Wohl E.Particle dynamics: The continuum of bedrock to alluvial river segments. Geomorphology, 2015, 241: 192-208. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.04.014
[19]	Yin Xueliang.A preliminary study on the formation cause of the bend river and the experiment of making riverbed. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 1965, 31(4): 287-303.
[20]	Xu Jiongxin.Study of sedimentation zones in a large sand-bed braided river: An example from the Hanjiang River of China. Geomorphology, 1997, 21(2): 153-165. doi: 10.1016/S0169-555X(97)00039-1
[21]	Lane E W.Design of stable channels. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 1955.
[22]	Розовский. и. л. двжениеводынаповоротеоткрытогорусла. 1957.
[23]	Xia Junqiang, Deng Shanshan, Lu Jinyou, et al.Channel adjustments in the Jingjiang Reach of the Middle Yangtze River. Scientific Reports, 2016, 6. doi: 10.1038/srep22802 pmid: 26965069
[24]	Zhang Dujing, Sun Hanzhen.Apreliminary study on the effect of the changes of the hydraulic conditions in bends on the river pattern of the upper and lower Jingjiang stretches of the Yangtze River. Journal of Sediment Research, 1983, 3(1): 14-24.
	[张笃敬, 孙汉珍. 弯道水力条件的变化对形成上下荆江河型影响的探讨. 泥沙研究, 1983, 3(1): 14-24.]
[25]	Zhang Zhitang, Lin Wanquan, Shen Yongjian.An approach on the main current belt of stream flow in river bend. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 1984(1): 47-56.
	[张植堂, 林万泉, 沈勇健. 天然河湾水流动力轴线的研究. 长江科学院院报, 1984(1): 47-56.]
[26]	Bawa N, Jain V, Shekhar S, et al.Controls on morphological variability and role of stream power distribution pattern, Yamuna River, western India. Geomorphology, 2014, 227: 60-72. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.05.016

Mechanism of barrier river reaches in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Cited

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 26

Related Articles 2

Metrics

Comments

[1]	SHAN Lijie,ZHANG Liping,ZHANG Yanjun,SHE Dunxian,XIA Jun. Characteristics of dry-wet abrupt alternation events in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and their relationship with ENSO [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2018, 73(1): 25-40.
[2]	Xu Jiongxin. MEANDERS CAUSED BY HYPERCONCENTRATED WATER FLOW: AN EXAMPLE FROM THE LOESS PLATEAU, CHINA [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1992, 47(1): 40-48.