长江中下游阻隔性河段作用机理

doi:10.11821/dlxb201705005

Abstract

Abstract:

The channel in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is characterized by staggered distribution of the bifurcated channel and the single-thread channel. The amplitude of change of river regime is stronger in a bifurcated channel than in a single-thread channel. The adjustment of the river regime in the upper reaches usually propagates to the lower reaches through the migration of the main stream line and causes the riverbed evolution of the lower reaches. Whether the adjustment of the river regime in the bifurcated channel can pass through a single-thread channel and propagate to the lower reaches will affect the stability of the overall river regime. Studies show that the barrier river reach can block the upstream channel adjustment from propagating to the lower reaches; therefore, it plays a key role in stabilizing the river regime. This study investigates 34 single-thread channel reaches in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. On the basis of the systematic summary of the regularities of riverbed evolution in the middle and lower Yangtze River, the control factors of barrier river reach are summarized and extracted: the planar morphology of single-thread and meandering; no flow deflecting node in the upper or middle part of the river reach; the hydraulic geometric coefficient is less than 4; the longitudinal gradient is greater than 1.2?; the clay content of the concave bank is greater than 9.5%; the median diameter of the bed sediment is greater than 0.158 mm. Derived from the Navier-Stokes equation, the calculation formula of the bending radius of flow dynamic axis is deduced, and then the roles of these control factors in restricting the migration of the flow dynamic axis and shaping the barrier river reach are analyzed. The barrier river reach is considered as such when the ratio of the migration force of the flow dynamic axis to the constraining force of the channel boundary is less than 1 at different flow levels. The mechanism of the barrier river reach is such that even when the upstream river regime is adjusted, the channel boundary of this reach can constrain the migratory amplitude of the main stream line and centralize the planar position of the main stream line under different upstream river regime conditions, providing relatively stable incoming flow conditions for the lower reaches, thereby blocking the adjustment of upstream river regime from propagating to the lower reaches.

Key words: barrier river reaches, flow dynamic axis, channel boundary, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

Xingying YOU, Jinwu TANG, Xiaofeng ZHANG, Yunping YANG, Zhaohui WENG, Zhaohua SUN. Mechanism of barrier river reaches in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(5): 817-829.

Figures/Tables 8

Tab. 1

The basic conditions and the control factors of the barrier properties of the study river reaches"

	序号	河段名称	河段长度(km)	距宜昌里程(km)	河道形态	是否有节点	河相系数	是否有阻隔性
沙市— 城陵矶	1	斗湖堤	9.9	175	单一微弯	无	2.55	是
	2	石首	8	234	单一微弯	中间有	2.86	否
	3	碾子湾	15	242	单一微弯	无	4.76	否
	4	河口	7	257	单一微弯	无	3.19	否
	5	调关	13	264	单一微弯	无	2.61	是
	6	莱家铺	12	277	单一微弯	无	3.32	否
	7	塔市驿	14	289	单一微弯	无	2.98	是
	8	大马洲	10.5	330	单一微弯	进口有	6.68	否
	9	砖桥	9	338	单一微弯	无	3.66	是
	10	铁铺	12	347	单一顺直	无	4.31	否
	11	反咀	6.5	356	单一微弯	无	3.11	是
	12	七公岭	7.8	380	单一微弯	中下有	3.29	否
城陵矶 —武汉	13	螺山	11	419	单一顺直	进口有	6.25	否
	14	石头关	9	456	单一微弯	出口有	5.08	否
	15	龙口	9.6	483	单一微弯	出口有	3.42	是
	16	汉金关	10.9	519	单一微弯	无	3.25	是
	17	簰洲湾	15	542	单一微弯	无	2.14	否
	18	沌口	12	610	单一顺直	中间有	5.59	否
	19	武桥	13	628	单一顺直	进口有	4.47	否
武汉— 湖口	20	阳逻	15	658	单一微弯	进口有	3.46	否
	21	湖广	10	679	单一微弯	进口有	3.93	否
	22	巴河	9.4	723	单一顺直	进口有	4.52	否
	23	黄石	15.5	753	单一微弯	出口有	2.70	是
	24	牯牛沙	17	773	单一微弯	进口有	4.07	否
	25	搁排矶	15	802	单一微弯	两岸沿程有	0.79	是
	26	武穴	13	830	单一微弯	中上有	4.87	否
	27	九江	16	853	单一微弯	无	3.17	否
湖口— 大通	28	上下三号—马垱过渡段	6	938	单一微弯	出口有	2.05	是
	29	马垱—东流过渡段	8	972	单一微弯	无	2.96	是
	30	东流—官洲过渡段	9	995	单一微弯	中间有	3.47	否
	31	官洲—安庆过渡段	16	1023	单一微弯	中间有	2.71	否
	32	安庆—太子矶过渡段	8.4	1054	单一微弯	出口有	1.71	是
	33	太子矶—贵池过渡段	10.5	1078	单一微弯	无	4.16	否
	34	大通顺直段	16	1101	单一顺直	进口有	4.29	否

Tab. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Tab. 2

The comparison of the formula results with the measured values in the Guniusha Reach"

	弯曲半径计算公式(m)	流量(m3/s)
	弯曲半径计算公式(m)	1# Q=10750	1# Q=31220	2# Q=10750	2# Q=31220	2'# Q=10750	2'# Q=31220
实测值		2530	2900	2820	3940	3090	3750
欧阳履泰^[7]	$R 0 = 48.1 Q J 12 0.83$	2390	3771	2390	3771	2390	3771
张敬笃^[23]	$R 0 = 0.26 R * 0.73 B / h 0.73 Q h 23 J 12 0.23$	851	890	1549	1919	1814	2246
张植堂^[24]	$R 0 = R * Q A 2 φJg 13$	2204	3597	2056	3531	2163	3446
本研究	式（9）	2498	2976	2782	3997	3133	3771

Tab. 2

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

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Mechanism of barrier river reaches in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

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References 26

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