Acta Geographica Sinica ›› 2017, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (3): 545-557.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201703014
• Land Use and Environmental Change • Previous Articles Next Articles
Xiaopeng LIU(), Yonghong LI, Yajuan WANG, Zhanjun GUO, Fang ZHENG
Received:
2016-06-01
Revised:
2016-11-28
Online:
2017-03-15
Published:
2017-03-15
Supported by:
Xiaopeng LIU, Yonghong LI, Yajuan WANG, Zhanjun GUO, Fang ZHENG. Geographical identification of spatial poverty at county scale[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(3): 545-557.
Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks
Tab. 1
The indicator system of geographical identification of spatial poverty at county scale"
维度 | 序号 | 指标名称 | 指标释义 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
地 理 资 本 A | 经济地理资本B1 | C1 | 农民人均纯收入(元/人) | 以2011年国家标准2300元/人为基数。 |
C2 | 农闲经济家庭收入贡献率(%) | 反应农闲时节贫困农户创收比重。 | ||
C3 | 农村恩格尔系数(%) | 反应农民的温饱状况,值越大,温饱程度越高。 | ||
C4 | 农民生活信息化程度(%) | 0.2×彩色电视机普及率+0.4×电话普及率+0.4×计算机普及率。 | ||
C5 | 农户贷款满足率(%) | 实际贷款金额/期望贷款金额。 | ||
C6 | 至少掌握一门致富技术农户比(%) | 反应贫困农户可持续致富能力。 | ||
C7 | 至少拥有一项致富项目农户比(%) | |||
C8 | 扶贫政策满意度(%) | 包括扶贫政策对脱贫的影响程度,是否存在扶贫政策(项目)区位偏向等,反映是否存在政治劣势。 | ||
社会地理资本B2 | C9 | 农村贫困发生率(%) | 村贫困人口数量/村总人口数量。 | |
C10 | 农村少数民族人数比例(%) | 反应不同民族生产生活方式对扶贫脱贫的作用影响。 | ||
C11 | 农村妇女社会地位提升程度(%) | 0.25×妇女体检比率+0.2×参加村级公共事务的妇女比例+0.2×女性劳动时间与男性劳动时间比+0.2×女性平均受教育年限与男性平均受教育年限比+0.15×到本县(区)以外的地方探亲、旅游人数比。 | ||
C12 | 农村普及义务教育人口覆盖率(%) | 反应贫困户“学有所教”社会和政治获得。 | ||
C13 | 农村青壮年文盲率(%) | |||
C14 | 新型农村合作医疗参合率(%) | 反应贫困户“病有所医”、“老有所养”社会和政治获得。 | ||
C15 | 新型农村社会养老保险参保率(%) | |||
C16 | 农村居民居住质量指数 | 0.1×人均住房面积≥25 m2户数占总户数的比例+0.05×住房结构为钢筋混凝土结构户数占总户数的比例+0.05×住房结构为砖木结构户数占总户数的比例+0.25×饮水状况为自来水的户数占总户数的比例+0.15×家庭能源为燃气和电的户数占总户数的比例+0.25×家庭水冲式卫生厕所占总户数的比例+0.1×室外道路为水泥路或柏油路户数占总户数的比例+0.05×室外道路为石头或石板等硬质路户数占总户数的比例。 | ||
环境地理资本B3 | C17 | 到最近集市(市场)的距离(km) | 指市场的连通性(包括自然连通和人为连通),反应经济整合的脆弱性。 | |
C18 | 到最近车站的距离(km) | |||
C19 | 到最近初级中学的距离(km) | 指村庄到基础设施(如卫生服务等)的距离,教育的可获得性(到学校距离和成本)。 | ||
C20 | 到最近乡/镇医院的距离(km) | |||
C21 | 地形起伏度(m) | 代表农业生态基本条件,主要反应土地的可利用性和质量,衡量农业生产率和粮食安全。 | ||
C22 | 灾损率(%) | |||
C23 | 人均耕地面积(hm2/人) | |||
C24 | 农作物总播种面积比(%) | |||
C25 | 环境质量指数(%) | 0.20×生活污水处理率+0.25×生活垃圾处理率+0.30×农药使用量+0.25×化肥使用量。 |
Tab. 3
Result of Pearson correlation coefficient"
地理资本C | 相关系数r | 显著性水平t | 地理资本C | 相关系数r | 显著性水平t |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1 | 1.000 | 0.000 | C14 | 0.061* | 0.031 |
C2 | 0.311* | 0.011 | C15 | -0.243* | 0.049 |
C3 | 0.575** | 0.000 | C16 | 0.423** | 0.000 |
C4 | 0.077 | 0.159 | C17 | -0.051 | 0.285 |
C5 | 0.288* | 0.019 | C18 | -0.082 | 0.215 |
C6 | 0.223 | 0.072 | C19 | -0.175 | 0.159 |
C7 | 0.299* | 0.015 | C20 | -0.130 | 0.297 |
C8 | 0.345** | 0.005 | C21 | -0.295* | 0.016 |
C9 | -0.310* | 0.012 | C22 | -0.353** | 0.004 |
C10 | 0.095 | 0.149 | C23 | -0.201 | 0.106 |
C11 | -0.397** | 0.001 | C24 | 0.235 | 0.057 |
C12 | -0.110 | 0.098 | C25 | -0.397** | 0.001 |
C13 | -0.212 | 0.088 |
[1] |
He Renwei, Liu Shaoquan, Chen Guojie, et al.Research progress and tendency of sustainable livelihoods for peasant household in China. Progress in Geography, 2013, 32(4): 657-670.
doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.018 |
[何仁伟, 刘邵权, 陈国阶, 等. 中国农户可持续生计研究进展及趋向. 地理科学进展, 2013, 32(4): 657-670.]
doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.018 |
|
[2] | Atkinson A B.Social exclusion, poverty and unemployment//Atkinson A B, Hills J. Exclusion, Employment and Opportunity. London: Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, London School of Economics, 1998. |
[3] | Pacione M.Quality of life-research in urban geography. Urban Geography, 2003, 24(3): 314-339. |
[4] |
Amartya S.Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.
doi: 10.1016/0306-9192(83)90040-4 |
[5] | Noble M, Wright G, Smith G, et al.Measuring multiple deprivation at the small-area level. Environment & Planning A, 2006, 38(1): 169-185. |
[6] |
Yuan Yuan, Xu Xueqiang.Review on foreign geography of deprivation and its enlightenments to urban poverty studies in China. World Regional Studies, 2008, 17(2): 121-128.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2008.02.016 |
[袁媛, 许学强. 国外综合贫困研究及对我国贫困地理研究的启示. 世界地理研究, 2008, 17(2): 121-128.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2008.02.016 |
|
[7] | Luo Qing, Li Xiaojian.The research progress of foreign rural poverty geography. Economic Geography, 2014, 34(6): 1-8. |
[罗庆, 李小建. 国外农村贫困地理研究进展. 经济地理, 2014, 34(6): 1-8.] | |
[8] | Jalan J, Ravallion. M.Spatial Poverty Traps. The World Bank, Development Research Group, 1997. |
[9] |
Bird K, Shepherd A.Livelihoods and chronic poverty in semiarid Zimbabwe. World Development, 2003, 31(3): 591-610.
doi: 10.1016/S0305-750X(02)00220-6 |
[10] |
Kam S, Hossain M, Bose M L, et al.Spatial patterns of rural poverty and their relationship with welfare influencing factors in Bangladesh. Food Policy, 2005, 30(5): 551-567.
doi: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2005.10.001 |
[11] |
Epprecht M, Müller D, Minot N.How remote are Vietnam's ethnic minorities? An Analysis of spatial patterns of poverty and inequality. The Annals of Regional Science, 2011, 46(2): 349-368.
doi: 10.1007/s00168-009-0330-7 |
[12] |
Okwi P O, Ndeng G, Kristjanson P, et al.Spatial determinants of poverty in rural Kenya. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007, 104(43): 16769-16774.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0611107104 pmid: 17942704 |
[13] |
Olivia S, Gibson J, Rozelle S, et al.Mapping poverty in rural China: How much does the environment matter?Environment and Development Economics, 2011(16): 129-153.
doi: 10.1017/S1355770X10000513 |
[14] |
Elbers C, Fujii T, Lanjouw P, et al.Poverty alleviation through geographic targeting: How much does disaggregation help? Journal of Development Economics, 2007, 83(1): 198-213.
doi: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2006.02.001 |
[15] | Huddleston B, Ataman E, Salvatore M et al. A geospatial framework for the analysis of poverty and environment links. Environment and Natural Resources. Working Paper (FAO), 2006. |
[16] | Burke W J, Jayne T S.Spatial disadvantages or spatial poverty traps: Household evidence from rural Kenya. Michigan State University, Development Working Paper No. 93. 2008. |
[17] |
Murayama Y, Thapa R B.Spatial analysis and modeling in geographical transformation process: GIS-based applications. Springer Science & Business Media, 2011.
doi: 10.1177/0743558413510968 |
[18] |
Thongdara Romanee, Samarakoon Lal, Shrestha Ra jendra P, et al. Using GIS and spatial statistics to target poverty and improve poverty alleviation programs: A case study in Northeast Thailand. Spatial Analysis, 2012, (5): 157-182.
doi: 10.1007/s12061-011-9066-8 |
[19] | The World Bank.More than a pretty picture:using poverty maps to design better policies and interventions. Washington D C: The World Bank, 2007. |
[20] | Jiang Dehua.Types and Development of Poor Areas in China. Beijing: Tourism Education Press, 1989: 38-220. |
[姜德华. 中国的贫困地区类型及开发. 北京: 旅游教育出版社, 1989: 38-220.] | |
[21] |
Qu Wei, Tu Qin, Niu Shuwen.Review on the relationship between poverty and environment. Gansu Social Sciences, 2010(1): 103-106.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3637.2010.01.026 |
[曲玮, 涂勤, 牛叔文. 贫困与地理环境关系的相关研究述评. 甘肃社会科学, 2010(1): 103-106.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3637.2010.01.026 |
|
[22] |
Feng Yan.The study on the types of poverty and alleviation on poverty in the Great Rivers' Area of Northwestern Yunnan. Yunnan Geographic Environment Research, 2001, 13(1): 87-93.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7852.2001.01.012 |
[冯彦. 滇西北“大河流域”区贫困类型及脱贫研究. 云南地理环境研究, 2001, 13(1): 87-93.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7852.2001.01.012 |
|
[23] |
Liu Yanhua, Xu Yong.Geographical identification and classification of multi-dimensional poverty in rural China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(6): 993-1007.
doi: 10.11821/dlxb201506012 |
[刘艳华, 徐勇. 中国农村多维贫困地理识别及类型划分. 地理学报, 2015, 70(6): 993-1007.]
doi: 10.11821/dlxb201506012 |
|
[24] |
Zhang Yutao, Li Jimei, Chang Shunli, et al.Spatial distribution pattern of Picea schrenkiana population in the Middle Tianshan Mountains and the relationship with topographic attributes. Journal of Arid Land, 2012, 4(1): 457-468.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1227.2012.00457 |
[25] | Ding Jianjun.Comparative analysis on poverty degree of China's 11 contiguous destitute areas:with view of comprehensive development index. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2014, 34(12): 1418-1427. |
[丁建军. 中国11个集中连片特困区贫困程度比较研究: 基于综合发展指数计算的视角. 地理科学, 2014, 34(12): 1418-1427.] | |
[26] |
Yuan Yuan, Wang Yanglin, Ma Jing, et al.Multidimensional evaluation of county poverty degree in Hebei Province. Progress in Geography, 2014, 34(1): 124-133.
doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.01.014 |
[袁媛, 王仰麟, 马晶, 等. 河北省县域贫困度多维评估. 地理科学进展, 2014, 34(1): 124-133.]
doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.01.014 |
|
[27] |
Yuan Yuan, Wu Fulong, Xu Xueqiang.The spatial pattern of poverty and deprivation in transitional Chinese city: Analysis of area-based indicators and individual data. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2009, 64(6): 753-763.
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0375-5444.2009.06.012 |
[袁媛, 吴缚龙, 许学强. 转型期中国城市贫困和剥夺的空间模式. 地理学报, 2009, 64(6): 753-763.]
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0375-5444.2009.06.012 |
|
[28] | Liu Xiaopeng, Su Shengliang, Wang Yajuan, et al.The index system of spatial poverty of village level to monitor in concentrated contiguous areas with particular difficulties. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2014, 34(4): 447-453. |
[刘小鹏, 苏胜亮, 王亚娟, 等. 集中连片特殊困难地区村域空间贫困测度指标体系研究. 地理科学, 2014, 34(4): 447-453.] | |
[29] | Liu Xiaopeng, Su Xiaofang, Wang Yajuan, et al.Review on spatial poverty and deprivation and its enlightenments to poverty geography studies in China. Arid Land Geography, 2014, 37(1): 144-152. |
[刘小鹏, 苏晓芳, 王亚娟, 等. 空间贫困研究及其对我国贫困地理研究的启示. 干旱区地理, 2014, 37(1): 144-152.] | |
[30] | Jalan J, Ravallion M.Geographic poverty traps? A micro model of consumption growth in rural China. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 2002, 17(4): 329-346. |
[31] | Bird K, Mckay A, Shinyekwa I., 2007. |
[32] |
Chen Guang, Zhang Fengrong, Zhang Bailin.Change in land use form of rural settlements in the farming-pastoral transitional zone: A case study in Aluke'rqin Banner, Inner Mongolia. Progress in Geography, 2015, 34(10): 1316-1323.
doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2015.10.012 |
[晨光, 张凤荣, 张佰林. 农牧交错区农村居民点土地利用形态演变: 以内蒙古自治区阿鲁科尔沁旗为例. 地理科学进展, 2015, 34(10): 1316-1323.]
doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2015.10.012 |
|
[33] | Wang Yanhui, Qian Leyi, Duan Fuzhou.Multidimensional poverty measurement and spatial distribution pattern at the country scale: A case study on key country from national contiguous special poverty-stricken areas. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2013, 33(12): 1489-1497. |
[王艳慧, 钱乐毅, 段福洲. 县级多维贫困度量及其空间分布格局研究: 以连片特困区扶贫重点县为例. 地理科学, 2013, 33(12): 1489-1497.] | |
[34] | Zeng Yongming, Zhang Guo.Spatial simulating in regional rural poverty based on GIS and BP Neural Network: A new appraisement method on regional rural poverty. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2011, 27(2): 70-75. |
[曾永明, 张果. 基于GIS和BP神经网络的区域农村贫困空间模拟分析: 一种区域贫困程度测度新方法. 地理与地理信息科学, 2011, 27(2): 70-75.] | |
[35] |
He Fen, Zhao Yanxia.Experience of poverty reduction of "contiguous poor areas with special difficulties" in USA and Japan. World Regional Studies, 2015, 24(4): 20-29.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2015.04.003 |
[何芬, 赵燕霞. 美、日促进集中连片特困地区减贫的经验借鉴. 世界地理研究, 2015, 24(4): 20-29.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2015.04.003 |
|
[36] |
Cao Shisong, Zhao Wenji, Duan Fuzhou.Coupling relation analysis between ecological value and economic poverty of contiguous destitute areas in Qinling-Dabashan region. Geographical Research, 2015, 34(7): 1295-1309.
doi: 10.11821/dlyj201507009 |
[曹诗颂, 赵文吉, 段福洲. 秦巴特困连片区生态资产与经济贫困的耦合关系. 地理研究, 2015, 34(7): 1295-1309.]
doi: 10.11821/dlyj201507009 |
|
[37] |
Tong Yuquan, Long Hualou.Study on sustainable development in the poor areas coupled with vulnerable eco-environment. China's Population, Resources and Environment, 2003, 13(2): 47-51.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-2104.2003.02.010 |
[佟玉权, 龙花楼. 脆弱生态环境耦合下的贫困地区可持续发展研究. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2003, 13(2): 47-51.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-2104.2003.02.010 |
|
[38] | Long Hualou.Land consolidation and rural spatial restructuring. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2013, 68(8): 1019-1028. |
[龙花楼. 论土地整治与乡村空间重构. 地理学报, 2013, 68(8): 1019-1028.] | |
[39] | Long Hualou, Tu Shuangshuang, Ge Dazhuan.Effects of new-type urbanization on poverty alleviation and development and corresponding countermeasures. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2016, 31(3): 309-319. |
[龙花楼, 屠爽爽, 戈大专. 新型城镇化对扶贫开发的影响与应对研究. 中国科学院院刊, 2016, 31(3): 309-319.] |
[1] | PAN Jinghu, FENG Yaya. Spatial distribution of extreme poverty and mechanism of poverty differentiation in rural China based on spatial scan statistics and geographical detector [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(4): 769-788. |
[2] | FU Lihua,MO Zhenchun,PENG Yaohui,XIE Mei,GAO Xingyan. Stability identification and reconstruction strategy of ecological space network at the county scale: A case study of Chaling County, Hunan Province [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(7): 1409-1419. |
[3] | Yanhua LIU, Yong XU. Geographical identification and classification of multi-dimensional poverty in rural China [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(6): 993-1007. |