地貌发育演化研究的空代时理论与方法

doi:10.11821/dlxb201701008

Abstract

Abstract:

Geomorphic evolution often presents a spatial pattern of a "young to old" distribution under certain natural environment condition, whereby sampling the geomorphic types and characteristics in spatial sequence can provide some evidence for the evolution of the individual geomorphologic object. This so-called space-for-time substitution has been a methodology in geomorphology research. This paper firstly introduced the basic concepts and background of space-for-time substitution, then a full review has been conducted of recent research progress in geomorphic evolution based on space-for-time substitution, such as fluvial landform, structural landform, estuarine landform and coastal landform. Finally, the explicit terms like suitable conditions, influencing factors and classifications have been summarized so that the research paradigm of space-for-time substitution was proposed. We argued that in the future, the researchers should focus on a full use of massive geographic data for geomorphic evolution research at multi-spatial scales, as well as an effective combination with physical mechanisms and statistical laws for a comprehensive geomorphic evolution modelling.

Key words: geomorphology, geomorphic evolution, space-for-time substitution, research paradigm

Xiaoli HUANG, Hu DING, Jiaming NA, Guo'an TANG. Theories and methods of space-for-time substitution in geomorphology[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(1): 94-104.

Figures/Tables 4

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类型	基本特征	典型案例
内营力差异为主型	地貌发育的空间差异性主要由地壳运动的幅度和规模的空间差异性导致,其所涉及的空间尺度往往较大。	由于地壳抬升幅度的不均一性,导致局部地区流域地势产生显著的空间差异
外营力差异为主型	由于降雨、风力等外动力的空间差异,导致所塑造的地貌特征在形态、类型与组合上亦出现与之对应的空间差异性。	在黄土高原重点水土流失区,在地表物质组成和下伏基岩类型相对一致的某些区域,由于降雨侵蚀力的空间变化,导致黄土地貌的分布在这些区域呈现出相应的变化
组成物质差异为主型	地表的各种岩石因其矿物成分、硬度、交接程度、水理性质、结构与产状不同,其抗外力剥蚀的能力常表现出很大差别,形成地貌类型或地表形态的空间差异性。	软硬相间分布的岩石在水平方向上常导致河谷盆地与峡谷相间分布,在垂直方向上则形成陡缓更替的阶状山坡
发育时间差异为主型	在其它地貌形成作用相似的情况下,发育时间越长,同一种地貌将显现出更为“年长”的形态与类型特征。	由于板块碰撞沿某一特定方向传播,导致在碰撞传播方向分布的流域地势呈现渐进变化

Theories and methods of space-for-time substitution in geomorphology

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