Acta Geographica Sinica ›› 2017, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (1): 27-38.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201701003
• Climate and Vegetation • Previous Articles Next Articles
Honglian WAN1,2(), Hailong SONG2, Chanchan ZHU2, Mi ZHANG2
Received:
2016-07-25
Revised:
2016-10-19
Online:
2017-01-20
Published:
2017-03-23
Supported by:
Honglian WAN, Hailong SONG, Chanchan ZHU, Mi ZHANG. Drought and flood disaster chain and its response to climate change in Baoji region during the Ming and Qing dynasties[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(1): 27-38.
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Tab. 1
The grade division standard of drought and flood disasters"
灾害等级 | 灾害类型 | 判断标准 |
---|---|---|
1 | 特大涝灾 | 表现为持续时间长、涉及范围广,特别是给当地人民群众的生产生活带来极其严重影响,并造成人员伤亡的洪涝灾害。 |
2 | 严重涝灾 | 受灾范围较广,主要涉及到农田被淹、淫雨害稼、减产免税及房舍冲毁等洪涝事件。 |
3 | 轻度涝灾 | 对当地人们生活、农作物以及社会经济发展有影响或者影响不大的洪灾灾害。 |
4 | 正常 | 无旱涝灾害记载。 |
5 | 轻度旱灾 | 旱灾对于播种有影响,农作物减产歉收,普遍饥馑,粮价飞涨等。 |
6 | 严重旱灾 | 此类旱灾造成民大饥,蝗虫四起,大疫,食树皮草根,粮价飞涨,民迁徙等,甚至出现死伤事件。 |
7 | 特大旱灾 | 旱灾范围波及较广,出现颗粒无收,人民赤贫,市场无物,人因饥饿难耐以至于人相食,卖妻卖子或者交换互相食之,饿殍载道,死伤无数。 |
Tab. 2
The drought and flood grade frequency of Baoji region in 544 years"
年份 | 频次 (频率/%) | 级别 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1级 特大涝灾 | 2级 严重涝灾 | 3级 轻度涝灾 | 4级 正常 | 5级 轻度旱灾 | 6级 严重旱灾 | 7级 特大旱灾 | ||
频次 (频率/%) | 频次 (频率/%) | 频次 (频率/%) | 频次 (频率/%) | 频次 (频率/%) | 频次 (频率/%) | 频次 (频率/%) | ||
1368-1420年 | 8(2.69) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 45(84.91) | 4(7.55) | 4(7.55) | 0(0) |
1421-1470年 | 29(9.76) | 0(0) | 3(6) | 3(6) | 21(42) | 11(22) | 10(20) | 2(4) |
1471-1520年 | 25(8.42) | 1(2) | 2(4) | 0(0) | 25(50) | 10(20) | 8(16) | 4(8) |
1521-1570年 | 22(7.41) | 4(8) | 2(4) | 1(2) | 28(56) | 2(4) | 11(22) | 2(4) |
1571-1620年 | 23(7.71) | 1(2) | 1(2) | 4(2) | 27(54) | 1(2) | 9(18) | 7(14) |
1621-1670年 | 40(13.47) | 1(2) | 5(10) | 9(18) | 10(20) | 5(10) | 16(32) | 4(8) |
1671-1720年 | 16(5.39) | 0(0) | 5(10) | 2(4) | 34(68) | 2(4) | 6(12) | 1(2) |
1721-1770年 | 23(7.74) | 2(4) | 4(8) | 1(2) | 27(54) | 7(14) | 9(18) | 0(0) |
1771-1820年 | 35(11.78) | 7(14) | 5(10) | 1(2) | 15(30) | 9(18) | 13(26) | 0(0) |
1821-1870年 | 36(12.12) | 7(14) | 3(6) | 7(14) | 14(28) | 10(20) | 8(16) | 1(2) |
1870-1911年 | 40(13.47) | 8(19.51) | 9(21.95) | 8(19.51) | 1(2.44) | 7(17.07) | 7(17.07) | 1(2.44) |
544年合计 | 297(100) | 31(5.7) | 39(7.17) | 36(6.62) | 247(45.4) | 68(12.5) | 101(18.57) | 22(4.04) |
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