西南山地滑坡灾害生态风险评价——以大理白族自治州为例

doi:10.11821/dlxb201609007

Abstract

Abstract:

Taking Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture as an example, the study assesses ecological risk of landslide geological disasters in terms of risk stressors, risk receptors, exposure and response process, and ecological end points. To be specific, firstly, the information method is used to evaluate the hazard of landslide disasters. Secondly, ecological vulnerability is evaluated based on landscape pattern metrics. Thirdly, the potential ecological damage of the study area is identified according to the ecosystem service assessment. Finally, the ecological risk of landslide disasters is comprehensively evaluated, and the partitions of risk precaution and governance are distinguished. The results show that, (1) 10 aspects including geography, geology and human activity factors, such as elevation less than 1800 m, slope within 15°-25°, NDVI less than 0.31, are the best information combination for inducing landslide geographical disasters in Dali Prefecture. As to the hazard of landslide geological disasters, the whole Dali prefecture is generally at medium and high risk levels of landslide and debris flow disasters. And the risk of northwest is lower than that of southeast; (2) the areas with high ecological vulnerability are mainly concentrated in the south of the Red River watershed, southeast of the Jinsha River watershed and the central part of the Lancang River watershed. Watersheds with low ecological damage have relatively poor water conservation service and food supply service. Watersheds with medium ecological damage have obvious advantage in providing net primary production and soil conservation service. Watersheds with high ecological damage would have relatively strong food supply and water conservation service; (3) the ecological risk of landslide disasters in Dali Prefecture presented 3 levels and 8 types of risk structures. Then 367 small watersheds were divided into 4 partitions of risk prevention and governance strategies, i.e., risk avoidance and warning areas, ecological protection and restoration areas, risk avoidance as well as ecological protection areas, and natural adaption areas.

Key words: ecological risk of landslide disasters, geological hazard, ecological vulnerability, ecological potential damage, risk prevention and governance, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture

Yueyue DU, Jian PENG, Shiquan ZHAO, Zhichao HU, Yanglin WANG. Ecological risk assessment of landslide disasters in mountainous areas of Southwest China: A case study in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(9): 1544-1561.

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评价因子	评价因子类别	信息量值	评价因子	评价因子类别	信息量值
高程(m) (w=0.1534)	< 1800	0.456	多年平均降雨(mm) (w=0.0887)	< 900	-0.372
	1800~2200	0.372		900~950	-0.274
	2200~2500	-0.128		950~1000	-0.355
	2500~3000	-1.613		1000~1050	-0.192
	> 3000	-2.746		1050~1100	0.397
坡度(°) (w=0.1534)	< 8	-0.454		1100~1150	1.018
	8~15	0.188	> 1150		0.563
	15~25	0.209	距离断裂带距离(m) (w=0.1078)	< 1000	0.294
	25~35	-0.168		1000~5000	-0.139
	> 35	-0.739		5000~10000	0.104
NDVI （w=0.0717）	< 0.31	0.290		10000~20000	-0.080
	0.31~0.47	0.032	> 20000		-0.310
	0.47~0.60	0.155	距离河流距离(m) （w=0.0597）	< 500	0.598
	0.60~0.73	0.033		500~1500	0.260
	> 0.73	-0.324		1500~3000	-0.404
岩性（w=0.2435）	0	-0.793		3000~5000	-0.692
	1	-0.087	> 5000		-0.813
	2	-0.006	距离公路距离(m) （w=0.0170）	< 500	0.636
	3	-0.037		500~1500	0.237
	4	0.255		1500~3000	-0.240
	5	-0.593		3000~5000	-0.378
地震点核密度（w=0.0539）	< 0.002	-0.314		> 5000	-0.611
	0.002~0.004	-0.055	距离城镇距离(m) （w=0.0509）	< 100	1.450
	0.004~0.006	0.103		100~300	0.621
	0.006~0.008	0.271		300~500	-0.330
	> 0.008	0.396		500~1000	-1.647
			> 1000	-2.555

Ecological risk assessment of landslide disasters in mountainous areas of Southwest China: A case study in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture

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