全新世中后期开封西郊黄泛沉积序列的孢粉记录

doi:10.11821/dlxb201605013

Abstract

Abstract:

The flooding of the Yellow River has occurred many times near Kaifeng City and formed a relatively complete sedimentary sequence, which provide a rare research carrier for the exploration of the stratigraphic evidence on flood events and its pollen records in the vicinity of Kaifeng. In this research, a 25-m long core was obtained from Jinming campus of Henan University (ZK_jm), which is located in the western suburbs of Kaifeng, Henan Province, China. On the basis of detailed pollen analysis, along with color identification, AMS¹⁴C dates, grain size and historical documents, sedimentary cycles in the study area were identified, and flood events and their pollen records were revealed since the middle and late Holocene. The results are as follows: According to the sand-clay ratio of grain size in the study area, ZK_jm core can be divided into nine sedimentary cycles from bottom to top, and can roughly record eight large flood events. The difference between pollen assemblages is that the percentage of arboreal pollen in flood deposition period is higher than that in neighboring hiatus period, while the percentage of planted Poaceae is lower in ZK_jm core. Except individual strata, the boundaries of sedimentary cycle are mainly consistent with the pollen subzones, suggesting pollen can be used as a reference indicator for dividing sedimentary cycles of strata. Notably, sedimentary cycles formed by smaller flood or plurality of intermittent short-term floods within one flood can be identified by pollen index. Therefore, the number of pollen subzones (12) is more than that of sedimentary cycles (9), indicating the accuracy of the cycle division of some intermittent pollen indexes is slightly higher than that of granularity. Due to seasonal changes, the variability of the flowing path of floods and the geographic scope, some floods of the Yellow River that lasted longer may have multiple intermittent short-term floods. However, the local pollen of Kaifeng City mainly deposited during the intermittent floods, which is different from the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Consequently, a pollen subzone may not indicate a specific flood event.

Key words: flooding of the Yellow River, sedimentary cycle, middle and late Holocene, pollen, flood, Kaifeng

Dexin LIU, Jianhua MA, Lei GU, Yanfang CHEN. The middle and late Holocene pollen record from the Yellow River flooding sedimentary sequence in the western suburbs of Kaifeng City, China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(5): 852-863.

Figures/Tables 7

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深度(m)		岩性	取样间隔(cm)	样品数(个)
0~2.2		棕黄色粉壤土	10	22
2.2~4.2		棕色砂壤土	20	10
4.2~7.8		棕色壤土	15	24
7.8~8.2		暗棕色粉黏土	10	14
8.2~12.8		灰黄或棕黄色粉沙土	20	23
12.8~14.5		暗棕色或灰色黏壤土	10	17
14.5~20.1		灰黄色粉沙土	20	28
20.1~20.6		棕色黏壤土	10	5
20.6~22.2		黄色粉沙土	20	8
22.2~25.0		棕色砂壤土	20	14
草本 (Herb)	藜科（Chenopodiaceae）,人工禾本科（Planted Poaceae）,禾本科（Gramineae）,莎草科（Cyperaceae）,菊科（Asteraceae）,蒿属（Artemisia）,蒲公英属（Taraxacum）,苍耳（Xanthium sibiricum）,大蓟（Cirsium japonicum）,紫菀属（Aster）,毛茛科（Ranunculaceae）,唐松草属（Thalictrum）,十字花科（Cruciferae）,唇形科（Labiatae）,豆科（Leguminosae）,葡萄科（Vitaceae）,玄参科（Scrophulariaceae）,蓼科（Polygonaceae）,酸模属（Rumex）,荞麦属（Fagopyrum）,石竹科（Caryophyllaceae）,大戟科（Euphorbiaceae）,柳叶菜科（Onagraceae）,旋花科（Convolvulaceae）,龙胆科（Gentianaceae）,伞形科（Umbelliferae）,狼毒属（Stellera）,车前科（Plantaginaceae）,败酱科（Valerianaceae）,茜草科（Rubiaceae）,香蒲属（Typha）,狐尾藻属（Myriophyllum）
蕨类(Fern)	三缝孢（Triletes spores）,中华卷柏（Selaginella sinensis）,单缝孢（Monolete Spores）
藻类(Algae)	环纹藻（Concentricystes）,盘星藻（Pediastraceae）

The middle and late Holocene pollen record from the Yellow River flooding sedimentary sequence in the western suburbs of Kaifeng City, China

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