中国城市居民的家庭代际分/合居行为及其影响要素——以成都市为例

doi:10.11821/dlxb201508009

Abstract

Abstract:

The miniaturization of families, primarily caused by intergenerational household separation, commenced after the initiation of the reform and opening up of China. This was expected to greatly influence family harmony, social stability, and the housing market. Moreover, there are fundamental differences in Chinese and Western societal behaviors and mechanisms of intergenerational household separation. In light of these issues, here we develop a conceptual model of intergenerational household cohabitation/separation of urban Chinese citizens. The main zone of Chengdu was selected for our empirical study because of its rapid economic growth, aging citizens, and the effects of potentially conflicting values of traditional Chinese and Western cultures. We found that the residential choices of Chinese urban families exhibited the following tendencies: (1) cohabitation followed by separation (an increasing ratio of intergenerational separation, but at a low rate of increase); (2) cohabitation followed by separation, and subsequently by cohabitation (an increasing ratio of intergenerational cohabitation, but at a low rate of increase); (3) final separation (an increasing ratio of intergenerational separation, but at a low rate of increase); and (4) cohabitation (an increasing ratio of intergenerational cohabitation, but at a low rate of increase). Pearson correlation was applied to select the main factors influencing residence. Significant values and impact directions were determined using binary logistic regression. Choices and variables of intergenerational household cohabitation/separation within different age groups were also analyzed. The results showed that intergenerational household residential choices positively depended on several factors, including educational level, living spouses, household income per capita, an inclination to separate, routines, eating habits, health habits, spending habits, and private space requirements. Factors that negatively influenced intergenerational household cohabitation/separation included age, current/previous professions, parents and their children living in close proximity, children available to support the elderly, and habits of parental care. Differences in the variables affected household intergenerational cohabitation/separation among different age groups.

Key words: household intergenerational cohabitation/separation, Chengdu, ratio of intergenerational separation, China, Chengdu

Meimei WANG, Yongchun YANG, Yiming TAN, Run LIU. Behavior and factors influencing intergenerational household cohabitation/separation among urban Chinese citizens: A case study from Chengdu[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(8): 1296-1312.

Figures/Tables 8

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类别	因素	平均值	标准差	人数	类别	因素	平均值	标准差	人数
个人属性变量	性别	0.437	0.497	956	家庭经济变量	家庭人均收入	0.145	0.136	956
	年龄	0.431	0.227	956		家庭居住面积	0.162	0.110	956
	文化程度	0.520	0.263	956		现在房价	0.152	0.112	956
	配偶健在	0.906	0.292	956		房屋所有权	0.422	0.243	956
	两代人居住距离	0.419	0.417	956		养老保险参与	1.000	0.000	956
观念特征变量	节约观念	0.169	0.079	956	习惯特征变量	作息习惯	0.108	0.312	956
	持家观念	0.060	0.090	956		饮食习惯	0.123	0.331	956
	实用观念	0.050	0.110	956		理财习惯	0.077	0.269	956
	育儿观念	0.050	0.120	956		穿衣习惯	0.708	0.458	956
	享乐观念	0.300	0.100	956		安静或热闹偏好	0.677	0.471	956
	沟通观念	0.150	0.070	956		养育习惯	0.723	0.451	956
	(子女)应该养老	0.300	0.130	956		卫生习惯	0.708	0.458	956
	(父母)应帮子女成家	0.385	0.496	956		居家习惯	0.461	0.508	956
	(父母)帮子女买房	0.692	0.471	956		私密空间	0.046	0.211	956
	(父母)帮忙抚养孙辈	0.500	0.510	956		购物习惯	0.492	0.504	956
	养儿防老	0.577	0.504	956
	父母/子女应临近居住	0.462	0.508	956
	代际分居意愿	0.538	0.508	956

因素	Pearson 相关性	双侧显著性	人数	因素	Pearson 相关性	双侧显著性	人数
性别	0.247	0.224	956	家庭人均收入	0.618	0.001^***	956
年龄	-0.350	0.080^*	956	家庭居住面积	-0.464	0.017^**	956
文化程度	0.922	0.000^***	956	现在房价	0.050	0.809	956
配偶健在	-0.684	0.000^***	956	房屋所有权	0.043	0.836	956
两代人的居住距离	-0.042	0.838	956	作息习惯	0.782	0.000^***	956
节约观念	-0.223	0.275	956	饮食习惯	0.923	0.000^***	956
持家观念	0.050	0.809	956	理财习惯	0.098	0.635	956
实用观念	0.012	0.954	956	穿衣习惯	0.003	0.990	956
养育观念	0.178	0.384	956	安静/热闹偏好	0.651	0.000^***	956
享乐观念	0.281	0.164	956	养育习惯	0.779	0.000^***	956
沟通观念	-0.223	0.275	956	卫生习惯	0.537	0.005^***	956
(子女)应该养老	0.847	0.000^***	956	居家习惯	-0.393	0.047^**	956
(父母)应帮子女成家	0.696	0.000^***	956	私密空间	0.531	0.005^***	956
(父母)应帮子女买房	0.637	0.000^***	956	购物习惯	-0.098	0.635	956
(父母)应帮忙抚养孙辈	0.261	0.020^**	956	代际分/合居	1.000		956
养儿防老	0.353	0.077^*	956
父母/子女应临近居住	0.465	0.017^**	956
代际分居意愿	0.452	0.021^**	956

		B	S.E,	Wals	df	Sig.	Exp(B)	Exp(B) 的 95% C.I.
		B	S.E,	Wals	df	Sig.	Exp(B)	下限	上限
步骤 1a	年龄	-0.005	0.103	0.003	1.000	0.009^***	0.995	0.814	1.216
	文化程度	0.193	0.127	2.304	1.000	0.001^***	1.213	0.945	1.556
	配偶健在	0.090	0.432	0.043	1.000	0.008^***	0.914	0.392	2.132
	家庭人均收入	0.034	0.117	0.084	1.000	0.007^***	1.034	0.822	1.301
	家庭居住面积	-0.227	0.155	2.125	1.000	0.002^***	0.797	0.588	1.081
	常量	1.294	0.956	1.834	1.000	0.001^***	3.649

变量		B	S.E.	Wals	df	Sig.	Exp(B)	Exp(B)的 95% C.I.
变量		B	S.E.	Wals	df	Sig.	Exp(B)	下限	上限
步骤 1a	(父母)应帮子女成家	0.709	1.125	0.397	1	0.346	2.032	0.224	18.424
	(父母)应帮子女买房	1.604	1.305	1.511	1	0.082^*	0.201	0.016	2.595
	(父母)应帮忙抚养孙辈	-0.903	1.186	0.580	1	0.004^***	0.406	0.040	4.142
	(子女)应该养老	-0.053	1.039	0.003	1	0.020^**	0.948	0.124	7.263
	父母/子女应临近居住	-0.117	1.210	0.009	1	0.009^***	0.890	0.083	9.531
	养儿防老	-1.090	1.247	0.764	1	0.038^**	0.336	0.029	3.871
	代际分居意愿	1.186	1.122	1.117	1	0.000^***	3.275	0.363	29.557
	常量	0.439	2.241	0.038	1	0.000^***	1.552

变量		B	S.E.	Wals	df	Sig.	EXP(B)	EXP(B) 的 95% C.I.
变量		B	S.E.	Wals	df	Sig.	EXP(B)	下限	上限
步骤 1a	作息习惯	1.946	1.351	9.208	1	0.121	2.830	0.003	16.021
	饮食习惯	1.901	1.522	8.916	1	0.009^***	1.795	0.005	13.978
	安静/热闹偏好	1.418	0.828	2.933	1	0.009^***	4.129	0.815	20.918
	养育习惯	-2.681	1.228	4.771	1	0.003^***	0.068	0.006	0.759
	卫生习惯	0.670	0.902	0.551	1	0.046^**	1.954	0.333	11.453
	居家习惯	0.601	1.050	0.327	1	0.057^*	1.729	0.219	13.636
	私密空间	1.260	1.968	0.410	1	0.005^***	0.284	0.006	13.412
	常量	1.990	1.305	2.326	1	0.000^***	7.314

Behavior and factors influencing intergenerational household cohabitation/separation among urban Chinese citizens: A case study from Chengdu

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[4]	ZHAO Ziyu, WANG Shijun, CHEN Xiaofei. Beyond locality in restructuring the spatial organization of China's automobile industry clusters under modular production: A case study of FAW-Volkswagen [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(8): 1848-1864.
[5]	DENG Chuxiong, ZHAO Hao, XIE Binggeng, LI Zhongwu, LI Ke. The impacts of land misallocation on urban industrial green total-factor productivity in China [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(8): 1865-1881.
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[7]	JIANG Lei, CHEN Xingyu, ZHU Hong. The spatial heterogeneity distribution of Chinese urban nursing homes and socio-economic driving factors [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(8): 1951-1964.
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[10]	SUN Pingjun, WANG Kewen. Identification and stage division of urban shrinkage in the three provinces of Northeast China [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(6): 1366-1379.
[11]	WEI Shimei, PAN Jinghu. Network structure resilience of cities at the prefecture level and above in China [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(6): 1394-1407.
[12]	YANG Ren, PAN Yuxin. Spatial patterns, formation mechanism and coping strategies of rural vulnerability in China at the county level [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(6): 1438-1454.
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[15]	LIU Zhenhai, WANG Shaoqiang, CHEN Bin. Spatial and temporal variations of frozen ground and its vegetation response in the eastern segment of China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor from 2000 to 2015 [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(5): 1231-1244.