近10年来可可西里地区主要湖泊冰情时空变化

doi:10.11821/dlxb201507008

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the boundary data of lakes, some moderate-high resolution remote sensing datasets including MODIS and Landsat TM/ETM+ images and the meteorological data, the spatial-temporal variations of lake ice in the Hoh Xil region during the period 2000-2011 are analyzed by using RS and GIS technology. And the factors affecting the lake ice phenology are also discussed. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows. (1) The freeze-up start (FUS) and freeze-up end (FUE) of lake ice appears in late October - early November, and mid-November - early December, respectively. The duration of lake ice freeze-up is about half a month. The time of break-up start (BUS) and break-up end (BUE) of lake ice is relatively dispersed, and appears in late April - early June, and early May - early June, respectively. The ice duration (ID) and the complete ice duration (CID) of lakes are 196 days and 181 days, respectively. (2) The phenology of lake ice in the Hoh Xil region changed dramatically in the last 10 years. Specifically, the FUS and FUE time of lake ice showed an increasingly delaying trend. In contrast, the BUS and BUE time of lake ice presented an advance. This led to the reduction of the ID and CID of lake ice. The average rates of ID and CID were -2.21 d/a and -1.91 d/a, respectively. (3) The variations of phenology and evolution of lake ice are the results of local and climatic factors. The temperature, lake area, salinity and shape of the shoreline are the main factors affecting the phenology of lake ice. (4) The spatial process of lake ice freeze-up is contrary to its break-up process. The type of lake ice extending from one side of lakeshore to the opposite side is dominant in the Hoh Xil region.

Key words: lake ice, lake, phenology, climate change, Hoh Xil region, MODIS

Xiaojun YAO, Long LI, Jun ZHAO, Meiping SUN, Jing LI, Peng GONG, Lina AN. Spatial-temporal variations of lake ice in the Hoh Xil region from 2000 to 2011[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(7): 1114-1124.

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序号	湖泊名称	面积(km²)	海拔(m)	开始冻结(FUS)	完全冻结(FUE)	开始消融(BUS)	完全消融(BUE)	完全封冻期(CID)	封冻期(ID)
1	乌兰乌拉湖	563.79	4854	297±2	321±4	116±23	164±8	160±23	208±11
2	多格错仁	459.62	4921	308±16	353±8	61±8	112±15	72±11	124±20
3	西金乌兰湖	395.95	4769	301±8	350±18	34±23	127±15	49±33	142±19
4	可可西里湖	319.43	4878	300±3	318±3	161±4	174±6	208±4	221±7
5	多格错仁强错	313.08	4787	310±13	327±17	107±31	124±24	146±49	163±42
6	库赛湖	268.01	4475	318±2	337±3	129±5	141±8	157±6	169±9
7	卓乃湖	261.32	4751	312±5	326±2	146±6	160±7	185±7	198±9
8	勒斜武担湖	246.27	4867	319±6	334±6	109±17	126±12	140±22	158±18
9	加德仁错	205.33	4688	300±7	310±8	116±13	147±9	171±16	202±14
10	美马错	147.77	4920	304±5	322±5	145±6	167±8	188±10	210±11
11	玛尔盖茶卡	144.19	4785	300±6	310±5	137±7	153±8	192±10	208±12
12	若拉错	142.63	4807	293±6	311±3	128±8	150±9	182±9	204±11
13	错尼	137.73	4902	296±3	315±6	121±16	160±6	171±20	210±11
14	拜惹布错	136.25	4958	302±7	319±5	152±8	167±8	197±11	212±11
15	碱水湖	129.65	4884	291±4	307±4	146±8	161±9	204±11	219±12
16	玉液湖	120.16	4850	283±2	304±7	153±15	166±12	214±18	227±16
17	羊湖	118.12	4778	296±3	315±6	148±5	161±4	198±10	210±9
18	饮马湖	107.41	4918	289±2	311±2	135±19	166±8	189±20	220±10
19	阿鲁错	105.16	4940	313±5	331±6	81±17	134±12	115±15	168±13
20	太阳湖	101.91	4882	316±4	329±3	145±11	164±9	181±13	201±10
21	向阳湖	100.58	4870	300±4	310±3	150±7	162±2	205±9	217±5
22	黑石北湖	100.55	5048	301±6	317±5	159±3	169±4	207±4	217±6

湖冰物候特征	湖泊面积	湖泊形态因子	湖面海拔	湖水矿化度	年均气温
开始冻结	0.22	-0.72^**	-0.24	0.03	0.26
完全冻结	0.59^**	-0.28	-0.15	0.55^**	0.49^*
开始消融	-0.53^**	-0.03	0.12	-0.65^**	-0.69^**
完全消融	-0.43^*	0.18	0.28	-0.62^**	-0.61^**
完全封冻期	-0.58^**	-0.25	0.26	-0.04	-0.75^**
封冻期	-0.53^**	0.24	0.24	-0.63^**	-0.60^**

Spatial-temporal variations of lake ice in the Hoh Xil region from 2000 to 2011

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