陆地表层人类活动强度：概念、方法及应用

doi:10.11821/dlxb201507004

Abstract

Abstract:

Human activity intensity is a synthesis index for describing the effect and influence of land surface. This paper presents the concepts of human activity intensity and construction land equivalent, builds an algorithm model for human activity intensity, and establishes a method for converting different land use/land cover types into construction land equivalent as well. An application in China based on the land use data from 1984 to 2008 is also included. The results are shown as follows: (1) Human activity intensity is defined as the degree of land use, transformation and exploitation by human beings. It is an effective way to determine the construction land equivalent coefficient of different land use/land cover types by taking construction land equivalent as a basic unit and identifying the alteration of land surface natural properties caused by human activities. The application in China and correlation analysis with population density indicated that it is feasible to take the ratio of the construction land equivalent area to the total area as an indicator of human activity intensity. (2) We adopted a two-level method of eight attribute labels to construct general standard of converting different land use types into construction land equivalent, and establish a method for calculating the coefficient of construction land equivalent. We also built a coefficient table for constructing land equivalent of 49 land use types based on the latest land use classification system. (3) The human activity intensity in China increased from 7.63% in 1984 to 8.54% in 2008. It could be generally divided into five levels: very high, high, medium, low and very low, according to the human activity intensity at county level in 2008, which is rated by over 27%, 16%-27%, 10%-16%, 6%-10% and below 6%. The human activity intensity in China was spatially split into eastern and western parts by the line of Helan Mountain-Longmen Mountain-Jinghong; the eastern part was characterized by the levels of very high, high and medium, while the western part was featured by the low and very low levels.

Key words: human activity intensity, land surface, construction land equivalent, land use/land cover types, China

Yong XU, Xiaoyi SUN, Qing TANG. Human activity intensity of land surface: Concept, method and application in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(7): 1068-1079.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 40

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层级	代表符号	特征标志	特征值
		表层自然覆被未改变且未被利用	0
第二层级	CS1	表层自然覆被未改变但被利用	0.067
	CS2	表层自然覆被改变—种植多年生植物	0.133
	CS3	表层自然覆被改变—种植1年生作物	0.2
第一层级	FCS1	表层自然覆被改变	0.2
	FCS2	表层有人工隔层,水分能交换,养分、空气和热量交换阻滞	0.2
	FCS3	表层有人工隔层,养分能交换,水分、空气和热量交换阻滞	0.2
	FCS4	表层有人工隔层,空气能交换,水分、养分和热量交换阻滞	0.2
	FCS5	表层有人工隔层,热量能交换,水分、养分和空气交换阻滞	0.2
		表层有人工隔层,水分、养分、空气和热量交换阻滞	1

土地利用/覆被类型		特征标志说明	CI
耕地	灌溉水田/望天田/水浇地/旱地/菜地	表层自然覆被改变—种植1年生作物	0.2
园地	果园/桑园/茶园/橡胶园/其它园地	表层自然覆被改变—种植多年生植物	0.133
林地	有林地/灌木林地/林地	表层自然覆被未改变且未被利用	0
	未成林造林地/苗圃	表层自然覆被改变—种植多年生植物	0.133
	迹地	表层自然覆被改变	0.2
牧草地	天然牧草地/改良牧草地	表层自然覆被未改变但被利用	0.067
牧草地	人工牧草地	表层自然覆被改变—种植多年生植物	0.133
其它农用地	畜禽饲养用地	表层有人工隔层,水分、养分、空气和热量交换阻滞	1
	设施农业用地/农村道路/田坎	表层自然覆被改变	0.2
	养殖水面/坑塘水面	表层自然覆被未改变但被利用	0.067
居民点及工矿	城市用地/建制镇用地/农村居民点 /独立工矿/特殊用地	表层有人工隔层,水分、养分、空气和热量交换阻滞	1
居民点及工矿	盐田	表层自然覆被改变,空气和热量交换阻滞	0.6
交通运输用地	铁路用地/公路用地/民用机场 /港口码头/管道运输	表层有人工隔层,水分、养分、空气和热量交换阻滞	1
水利设施用地	水工建筑用地	表层有人工隔层,水分、养分、空气和热量交换阻滞	1
水利设施用地	水库水面	表层自然覆被改变,空气和热量交换阻滞	0.6
未利用地	荒草地/盐碱地/沼泽地/沙地 /裸土地/裸岩石砾地	表层自然覆被未改变且未被利用	0
其它未利用地	河流水面/湖泊水面/苇地/滩涂 /冰川及永久积雪	表层自然覆被未改变且未被利用	0

省级单元	1984	1990	1996	2000	2005	2008	24年间变化
上海	25.73	33.57	33.57	35.79	39.14	46.30	20.58
天津	27.46	29.47	29.65	30.36	38.44	40.06	12.60
江苏	25.03	24.22	24.64	25.26	29.26	29.69	4.67
山东	22.80	24.36	25.26	25.70	27.58	28.12	5.31
北京	18.42	19.52	20.61	21.03	23.64	24.48	6.06
河南	21.79	22.91	23.43	23.58	23.71	23.91	2.13
安徽	19.20	19.23	19.75	19.89	21.90	22.16	2.96
河北	16.49	16.70	17.08	17.35	17.33	17.72	1.24
辽宁	15.02	14.69	15.07	15.26	15.89	16.04	1.02
重庆	14.19	12.85	13.00	13.29	15.02	15.19	1.01
浙江	9.93	10.59	11.08	11.41	13.93	14.85	4.92
广东	9.07	10.14	11.33	11.87	14.10	14.45	5.39
海南	12.77	12.34	13.04	13.25	14.51	14.27	1.50
湖北	11.62	11.72	11.87	11.95	13.90	14.10	2.47
山西	12.94	11.78	11.86	11.93	11.95	12.10	-0.84
吉林	10.86	11.88	11.79	11.84	11.95	12.03	1.16
宁夏	11.50	11.60	11.90	12.44	11.75	11.94	0.44
湖南	8.80	9.40	9.58	9.69	11.53	11.72	2.92
贵州	8.40	9.18	9.11	9.09	10.09	10.16	1.76
江西	9.46	7.78	8.04	8.15	9.57	9.82	0.36
陕西	9.99	10.28	10.28	10.12	9.55	9.59	-0.40
黑龙江	9.13	9.01	9.06	9.09	9.40	9.16	0.03
四川	8.38	7.76	7.92	8.00	8.70	8.76	0.38
福建	8.42	6.26	6.85	7.12	8.18	8.60	0.19
广西	8.27	7.16	7.33	7.48	8.33	8.49	0.22
甘肃	7.24	7.20	7.24	7.23	7.46	7.48	0.24
云南	5.68	5.73	5.78	5.86	6.56	6.65	0.97
内蒙古	6.24	6.63	6.72	6.52	6.38	6.43	0.18
青海	3.53	4.28	4.34	4.34	4.94	4.40	0.86
西藏	3.71	3.70	3.70	3.70	3.63	3.73	0.02
新疆	3.28	3.02	3.22	3.25	3.35	3.37	0.09
全国	7.63	7.69	7.86	7.91	8.31	8.54	0.91

类型	分级标准/%	县级单元数/个	人类活动强度平均值/%	建设用地当量面积平均值/km²
高	>27	487	32.52	341.78
较高	27~16	478	20.99	361.50
中等	16~10	459	12.43	310.07
较低	10~6	493	7.56	323.28
低	<6	458	3.29	342.01

Human activity intensity of land surface: Concept, method and application in China

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