2001-2010年鄱阳湖采砂规模及其水文泥沙效应

doi:10.11821/dlxb201505014

Abstract

Abstract:

Sand mining has been practiced in rivers, lakes, harbors and coastal areas in recent years in China mostly because of the increasing demand for building materials in construction industry. Sand mining in Poyang Lake has been intensified since 2001 because such practice was banned in the Yangtze River and profitable. Meanwhile, the decline of water level of the Poyang Lake has aroused much more attention from researchers. The decline has been ascribed to a decrease in precipitation in Poyang Lake watershed, attenuation of congestion effect because of the Three Gorges Project and sand mining in the Poyang Lake.

In this study, we analyzed the magnitude of sand mining in Poyang Lake using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data from two periods and sand vessels distribution detected by remote sensing images. Another two Landsat images were used to evaluate the morphologic change compared with natural sedimentation, inundation extent and shoreline shape. And a hydrological dataset including water level, water discharge rate and sediment content for a long time series were used to analyze the hydrological effect and sediment effect from sand mining. Results showed that: (1) sand mining region was mainly distributed in northern Poyang Lake before 2007, but was extended into the central region and even to the channels of major tributary rivers into the Poyang Lake; (2) the area of sand mining was about 260.4 km². The magnitude of sand mining in Poyang Lake was about 2,154.3 Mt or 1.29×10⁹ m³ during 2000-2010 with the assumption of sand bulk density of 1.67 t m^-3. It is almost 6.5 times of the natural sedimentation in volume during 1955-2010; (3) sand mining affected the hydrologic regimes including increased areas of water discharge sections and water turbidity. Sand mining could be one of the most important factors that caused the decline of water level of Poyang Lake in drought season. It also affected the sediment pattern of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

Key words: sand mining, hydrology effect, sediment effect, Poyang Lake

Feng JIANG, Shuhua QI, Fuqiang LIAO, Xiuxiu ZHANG, Dian WANG, Jingxuan ZHU, Mengya XIONG. Hydrological and sediment effects from sand mining in Poyang Lake during 2001-2010[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(5): 837-845.

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References 22

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水文站名称	所处河流	控制面积(×10⁴ km²)	平均水流量(×10⁹ yr^-1)	流量、含沙量数据年份
外洲	赣江	8.12	66.878	1955-2013
李家渡	抚河	1.58	12.377	1955-2013
梅港	信江	1.55	17.466	1952-2013
石镇街	乐安河,饶河的支流	0.94	7.360	1953-2001
虎山	乐安河,饶河的支流	0.65	7.360	2002-2013
渡峰坑	昌江,饶河的支流	0.50	4.525	1953-2013
虬津	修河干流	0.99	8.518	1956-1980 1983-2001
万家埠	潦河,修河的支流	1.48	3.424	1955-2013
湖口	鄱阳湖通江河道	16.22	146.139	1955-2013

编号	影像获取日期 (YYYY-MM-DD)	卫星/传感器名称	湖口水文站 (m)	用途
1	2000-08-22	Landsat7/ETM+	13.63	a
2	2001-06-30	Landsat5/TM	15.02	a
3	2002-09-29	Landsat7/ETM+	12.37	a
4	2003-08-07	Landsat7/ETM+	14.83	a
5	2004-06-22	Landsat5/TM	13.55	a
6	2005-08-12	Landsat5/TM	13.80	a
7	2006-06-12	Landsat5/TM	14.34	a
8	2007-08-02	Landsat5/TM	15.98	a
9	2008-05-16	Landsat5/TM	10.73	a
10	2009-06-04	Landsat5/TM	13.37	a
11	2010-07-25	Landsat5/TM	17.99	a
12	2009-02-12	Landsat5/TM	5.68	b
13	1993-01-31	Landsat5/TM	6.68	b

Hydrological and sediment effects from sand mining in Poyang Lake during 2001-2010

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