2013年北京市PM2.5的时空分布

doi:10.11821/dlxb201501009

Abstract

Abstract:

Data of PM_2.5 from 35 automatic air quality monitoring stations of Beijing in 2013 were analyzed to examine the temporal and spatial characteristics of PM_2.5 and the correlation between PM_2.5 and its precursors and atmospheric oxidation. The results showed that the average concentrations of PM_2.5 in different seasons decreased in the order of winter, spring, autumn and summer, which were 122.8 μg·m^-3, 85.1 μg·m^-3, 84.9 μg·m^-3 and 79.1 μg·m^-3, respectively. The average concentrations of PM_2.5 at different stations decreased in the order of traffic station, urban station, suburban station and regional station, which were 102.2 μg·m^-3, 91.8 μg·m^-3, 89.1 μg·m^-3 and 88.7 μg·m^-3, respectively. Monthly average concentrations of PM_2.5 showed a wavy-shaped curve, the peaks of which appeared in January, March, June and October, respectively. For the whole year, diurnal variation of PM_2.5 at traffic station showed a single-peak curve, while other stations showed bimodal curves. Annual average concentrations of PM_2.5 in different regions decreased in the order of southeast, southwest, center (six districts), northeast and northwest. Concentrations of PM_2.5 were significantly positively correlated with those of NO₂, SO₂ and OX, which indicated that precursors and atmospheric oxidation had a significant impact on the concentration of PM_2.5.

Key words: Beijing, PM2.5, temporal characteristics, spatial characteristics, precursors, atmospheric oxidation

Zhanshan WANG, Yunting LI, Tian CHEN, Dawei ZHANG, Feng SUN, Libo PAN. Spatial-temporal characteristics of PM_2.5 in Beijing in 2013[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(1): 110-120.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 1

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Tab. 2

Fig. 6

References 46

[1]	Ren Zhenhai, Wan Bentai,Su Fuqing et al. Several characteristics of atmospheric environmental quality in China at present. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2004, 17(1): 1-6.
	[任阵海, 万本太, 苏福庆等. 当前我国大气环境质量的几个特征. 环境科学研究, 2004, 17(1): 1-6.]
[2]	Zhao Yue, Pan Jun, Zhang Hongyuan et al. Analysis of inhalable particles pollution in the atmosphere in Beijing Area. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2004, 17(1): 67-69.
	[赵越, 潘钧, 张红远等. 北京地区大气中可吸入颗粒物的污染现状分析. 环境科学研究, 2004, 17(1): 67-69.]
[3]	Chan C K, Yao X.Air pollution in mega cities in China. Atmospheric Environment, 2008, 42(1): 1-42.
[4]	Chan Y C, Simpson R W, McTainsh G H et al. Characterisation of chemical species in PM2.5 and PM10 aerosols in Brisbane, Australia. Atmospheric Environment, 1997, 31(22): 3773-3785.
[5]	Watson J G.Visibility: Science and regulation. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2002, 52(6): 628-713.
[6]	Molnár A, Mészáros E.On the relation between the size and chemical composition of aerosol particles and their optical properties. Atmospheric Environment, 2001, 35(30): 5053-5058.
[7]	Han Suqin, Zhang Yufen, Li Yinghua et al. Simulation of extinction and radiant effect of aerosol in spring of Tianjin City. China Environmental Science, 2011, 31(1): 8-12.
	[韩素芹, 张裕芬, 李英华等. 天津市春季气溶胶消光特征和辐射效应的数值模拟. 中国环境科学, 2011, 31(1): 8-12.]
[8]	Chen Yizhen, Zhao Dan, Chai Fahe et al. Correlation between the atmospheric visibility and aerosol fine particle concentrations in Guangzhou and Beijing. China Environmental Science, 2010, (7): 967-971.
	[陈义珍, 赵丹, 柴发合等. 广州市与北京市大气能见度与颗粒物质量浓度的关系. 中国环境科学, 2010, (7): 967-971.]
[9]	Jung J, Lee H, Kim Y J et al. Aerosol chemistry and the effect of aerosol water content on visibility impairment and radiative forcing in Guangzhou during the 2006 Pearl River Delta campaign. Journal of environmental management, 2009, 90(11): 3231-3244.
[10]	Sokolik I N, Toon O B.Direct radiative forcing by anthropogenic airborne mineral aerosols. Nature, 1996, 381(6584): 681-683.
[11]	Pope C A, Dockery D W, Schwartz J.Review of epidemiological evidence of health effects of particulate air pollution. Inhalation Toxicology, 1995, 7(1): 1-18.
[12]	Pope III C A. Review: epidemiological basis for particulate air pollution health standards. Aerosol Science & Technology, 2000, 32(1): 4-14.
[13]	Pope III C A, Burnett R T, Thun M Jet al. Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution. Jama, 2002, 287(9): 1132-1141.
[14]	Tie X, Wu D, Brasseur G.Lung cancer mortality and exposure to atmospheric aerosol particles in Guangzhou, China. Atmospheric Environment, 2009, 43(14): 2375-2377.
[15]	Cao J, Xu H,Xu Q et al. Fine particulate matter constituents and cardiopulmonary mortality in a heavily polluted Chinese city. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2012, 120(3): 373.
[16]	Chapman R S, Watkinson W P, Dreher K L et al. Ambient particulate matter and respiratory and cardiovascular illness in adults: particle-borne transition metals and the heart-lung axis. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 1997, 4(3): 331-338.
[17]	Costa D L, Dreher K L.Bioavailable transition metals in particulate matter mediate cardiopulmonary injury in healthy and compromised animal models. Environmental Health Perspectives, 1997, 105(Suppl.5): 1053.
[18]	Kan H, London S J, Chen G et al. Season, sex, age, and education as modifiers of the effects of outdoor air pollution on daily mortality in Shanghai, China: The Public Health and Air Pollution in Asia (PAPA) Study. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2008, 116(9): 1183.
[19]	Nel A, Xia T, Mädler L et al. Toxic potential of materials at the nanolevel. Science, 2006, 311(5761): 622-627.
[20]	Yang Fumo, He Kebin, Ma Yongliang et al. Characterization of Mass Balance of PM2.5 Chemical Speciation in Beijing. Environment Chemistry, 2004, 23(3): 326-333.
	[杨复沫, 贺克斌, 马永亮等. 北京PM2.5化学物种的质量平衡特征. 环境化学, 2004, 23(3): 326-333.]
[21]	Yang Fumo, He Kebin.Variation characteristics of PM2.5 concentration and its relationship with PM10 and TSP in Beijing. China Environmental Science, 2002, 22(6): 506-510.
	[杨复沫, 贺克斌. 北京PM2.5浓度的变化特征及其与PM10、TSP的关系. 中国环境科学, 2002, 22(6): 506-510.]
[22]	Yang Fumo, He Kebin, Ma Yongliang et al. Chemical characteristics of PM2.5 species in Beijing ambient air. J Tsinghua Univ (Sci & Tech), 2002, 42(12): 1605-1608.
	[杨复沫, 贺克斌, 马永亮等. 北京大气细粒子PM2.5的化学组成. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2002, 42(12): 1605-1608.]
[23]	Yang Fumo, He Kebin, Ma Yongliang et al. Characteristics of mineral component in ambient PM2.5 in Beijing. Environment Science, 2004, (5): 26-30.
	[杨复沫, 贺克斌, 马永亮等. 北京市大气PM2.5中矿物成分的污染特征. 环境科学, 2004, (5): 26-30.]
[24]	Yu Jianhua, Yu Tong, Wei Qiang et al. Characteristics of Mass Concentration Variations of PM10 and PM2.5 in Beijing Area. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2004, 17(1): 45-47.
	[于建华, 虞统, 魏强等. 北京地区PM10和PM2.5质量浓度的变化特征. 环境科学研究, 2004, 17(1): 45-47.]
[25]	Yu Jianhua, Yu Tong, Yang Xiaoguang et al. Characteristics of Organic Carbon and Elemental Carbon in PM2.5 in Beijing in the Winter. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2004, 17(1): 48-50.
	[于建华, 虞统, 杨晓光等. 北京冬季PM2.5中元素碳、有机碳的污染特征. 环境科学研究, 2004, 17(1): 48-50.]
[26]	Xu Jing, Ding Guoan,Yan Peng et al. Componential characteristics and sources identification of PM2.5 in Beijing. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2007, 18(5): 645-652.
	[徐敬, 丁国安, 颜鹏等. 北京地区PM2.5的成分特征及来源分析. 应用气象学报, 2007, 18(5): 645-654.]
[27]	Lin Haifeng, Xin Jinyuan, Zhang Wenyu et al. Comparison of atmospheric particulate matter and aerosol optical depth in Beijing City. Environmental Science, 2013, 34(3): 826-834.
	[林海峰, 辛金元, 张文煜等. 北京市近地层颗粒物浓度与气溶胶光学厚度相关性分析研究. 环境科学, 2013, 34(3): 826-834.]
[28]	Wang Yuesi, Yao Li, Wang Lili et al. Mechanism for the formation of the January 2013 heavy haze pollution episode over central and eastern China. Science China: Earth Sciences, 2014, 57: 14-25.
	[王跃思, 姚利, 王莉莉等. 2013年元月我国中东部地区强霾污染成因分析. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2014, 57: 14-25.]
[29]	Wang Zhanshan, Pan Libo, Li Yunting et al. Effect of emission standard of air pollutants for thermal power plants on regional acid deposition: a numerical simulation. China Environmental Science, 2014, 34(9): 2420-2429.
	[王占山, 潘丽波, 李云婷等. 火电厂大气污染物排放标准对区域酸沉降影响的数值模拟. 中国环境科学, 2014, 34(9): 2420-2429.]
[30]	Chen Yuan, Cen Kuang,Norra S et al. Study on pollution characteristics of PM2.5 in the aerosol tracing and tracking atmospheric particulates in Beijing City. Geoscicence, 2010, 24(2): 345-354.
	[陈媛, 岑况, Norra S 等. 北京市区大气气溶胶PM2.5污染特征及颗粒物溯源与追踪分析. 现代地质, 2010, 24(2): 345-354.]
[31]	Liu Y J, Zhang T T, Liu Q Y et al. Seasonal variation of physical and chemical properties in TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 at a roadside site in Beijing and their influence on atmospheric visibility. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 2014, 14(3): 954-969.
[32]	Zhang R, Xu Y, Han Z.Inorganic chemical composition and source signature of PM2.5 in Beijing during ACE-Asia period. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2003, 48(10): 1002-1005.
[33]	Yu S, Xiaoyan T, Chen F et al. Source apportionment on fine particles in Beijing. Chinese Journal of Environmental Science, 2002, 23(6): 11-16.
[34]	Zhao Chenxi, Wang Yunqi, Wang Yujie et al. Temporal and spatial distribution of PM2.5 and PM10 pollution status and the correlation of particulate matters and meteorological factors during winter and spring in Beijing. Environment Science, 2014, (2): 418-427.
	[赵晨曦, 王云琦, 王玉杰等. 北京地区冬春PM2.5和PM10污染水平时空分布及其与气象条件的关系. 环境科学, 2014, (2): 418-427.]
[35]	Cao J J, Shen Z X, Chow J C et al. Winter and summer PM2.5 chemical compositions in fourteen Chinese cities. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2012, 62(10): 1214-1226.
[36]	Liu Hui, He Kebin, Ma Yongliang et al. Variations of PM2.5 and its water-soluble ions in urban and suburban Beijing before, during, and after the 2008 Olympiad. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2011, 31(1): 177-185.
	[刘辉, 贺克斌, 马永亮等. 2008年奥运前后北京城, 郊PM2.5及其水溶性离子变化特征. 环境科学学报, 2011, 31(1): 177-185.]
[37]	Deng L, Li H, Chai F et al. Pollution Characteristics of the atmospheric fine particles and related gaseous pollutants in the northeastern urban area of Beijing in Winter Season. China Environ. Sci., 2010, 30: 954-961.
[38]	Ma Yanjun, Liu Ninghui, Hong Ye et al. The impacts on various particle sizes and the air quality caused by a dust weather process in Spring 2011 in Liaoning. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2012, 32(5): 1160-1167.
	[马雁军, 刘宁微, 洪也等. 2011年春季辽宁一次沙尘天气过程及其对不同粒径颗粒物和空气质量的影响. 环境科学学报, 2012, 32(5): 1160-1167.]
[39]	Xu Wenshuai, Li Yunting, Sun Ruiwen et al. Impact characteristics of a typical dust backflow weather on the air quality in Beijing. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2014, 34(2): 297-302.
	[徐文帅, 李云婷, 孙瑞雯等. 典型沙尘回流天气过程对北京市空气质量影响的特征分析. 环境科学学报, 2014, 34(2): 297-302.]
[40]	Liao Xiaonong, Zhang Xiaoling, Wang Yingchun et al. Comparative Analysis on Meteorological Condition for Persistent Haze Cases in Summer and Winter in Beijing. Environment Science, 2014,06:2031-2044.
	[廖晓农, 张小玲, 王迎春等. 北京地区冬夏季持续性雾-霾发生的环境气象条件对比分析. 环境科学, 2014, 06: 2031-2044.]
[41]	Yue Wenze, Xu Jianhua, Xu Lihua.A study on spatial interpolation methods for climate variables based on geostatistic. Plateau Meteorology, 2006, 24(6): 974-980.
	[岳文泽, 徐建华, 徐丽华. 基于地统计方法的气候要素空间插值研究. 高原气象, 2006, 24(6): 974-980.]
[42]	Jiang Chengsheng, Wang Jinfeng, Cao Zhidong.A review of geo-spatial sampling theory. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2009, 64(3): 368-380.
	[姜成晟,王劲峰,曹志冬等.地理空间抽样理论研究综述.地理学报,2009, 64(3):368-380.]
[43]	Ma Jin, Qiu Xinghua,Zhou Yongzhang et al. Residues and spatial distributions of OCPs in soils of Zhanjiang. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(1): 103-112.
	[马瑾, 邱兴华周永章等. 湛江市土壤有机氯农药残留状况及空间分布特征.地理学报, 2010, 65(1): 103-112.]
[44]	Zhao Yang, Shao Min, Wang Chen et al. Characterizing spatial patterns of NOx, SO2 and O3 in Pearl River Delta by passive sampling. Environment Science, 2011, 32(2): 324-329.
	[赵阳, 邵敏, 王琛等. 被动采样监测珠江三角洲NOx、SO2和O3的空间分布特征. 环境科学, 2011, 32(2): 324-329.]
[45]	Stephens S, Madronich S, Wu F et al. Weekly patterns of México City's surface concentrations of CO, NOx, PM10 and O3 during 1986-2007. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2008, 8(17): 5313-5325.
[46]	Wang Zhanshan, Pan Libo.Implementation results of emission standards of air pollutants for thermal power plants: A numerical simulation. Environment Science, 2014, 35(3): 853-863.
	[王占山, 潘丽波. 火电厂大气污染物排放标准实施效果的数值模拟研究. 环境科学, 2014, 35(3): 853-863.]

时间	年份	平均浓度/μg·m^-3	文献
年均	2013	89.5	本研究
	2000	129	杨复沫等^[22]
	2005	71.1	陈媛等^[30]
	2009-2010	92.6	Liu等^[31]
春季	2013	85.1	本研究
	2001	62.1	Zhang等^[32]
	2003	111	徐敬等^[26]
	2006	165	Yu等^[33]
	2010	88.6	Liu等^[31]
	2013	86.9	赵晨曦等^[34]
夏季	2013	79.1	本研究
	2003	131.6	Cao等^[35]
	2003	71	徐敬等^[26]
	2006	69.4	Yu等^[33]
	2008	68.9	刘辉等^[36]
	2009	73.8	Liu等^[31]
秋季	2013	84.9	本研究
	2003	110	徐敬等^[26]
	2006	52	Yu等^[33]
	2009	103.9	Liu等^[31]
冬季	2013	122.8	本研究
	2003	115.6	Cao等^[35]
	2003	108	徐敬等^[26]
	2008	94.2	Deng等^[37]
	2009	106.6	Liu等^[31]
	2012	122.9	赵晨曦等^[34]

站点功能	污染物	NO₂	SO₂	O₃	PM_2.5	OX
交通站	NO₂	1.00
	SO₂	0.46	1.00
	O₃	-0.38	-0.15	1.00
	PM_2.5	0.71	0.57	-0.29	1.00
	OX	0.62	0.29	0.39	0.46	1.00
区域站	NO₂	1.00
	SO₂	0.70	1.00
	O₃	-0.52	-0.18	1.00
	PM_2.5	0.74	0.61	-0.25	1.00
	OX	0.14	0.35	0.67	0.32	1.00
郊区站	NO₂	1.00
	SO₂	0.63	1.00
	O₃	-0.57	-0.26	1.00
	PM_2.5	0.73	0.56	-0.27	1.00
	OX	0.16	0.25	0.63	0.34	1.00
城区站	NO₂	1.00
	SO₂	0.61	1.00
	O₃	-0.57	-0.21	1.00
	PM_2.5	0.74	0.59	-0.30	1.00
	OX	0.26	0.34	0.54	0.41	1.00

Spatial-temporal characteristics of PM_2.5 in Beijing in 2013

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 46

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

[1]	MENG Bin, GAO Liping, LI Ruoqian. Spatial correlation analysis of residential and employment elements in Beijing based on collaborative location quotient [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(6): 1380-1393.
[2]	ZHANG Xuebo, SONG Jinping, YU Wei, WANG Zhenbo. Formation mechanism of Beijing's jobs-housing spatial relationship based on residents' perception [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(2): 383-397.
[3]	SUN Meiping, MA Weiqian, YAO Xiaojun, ZHANG Mingjun, LI Zhongqin, QIN Dahe. Assessment and spatiotemporal characteristics of service valueof glaciers in the Qilian Mountains [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(1): 178-190.
[4]	ZHOU Kan, LI Hui, SHEN Yuming. Spatiotemporal patterns and driving factors of environmental stress in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region: A county-level analysis [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(9): 1934-1947.
[5]	GAO Xiaolu, WU Danxian, YAN Bingqiu. Measure and distribution of urban elderly in poverty: An empirical study in Beijing [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(8): 1557-1571.
[6]	MA Ning, HE Liye, LIANG Sujie, GUO Jun. Low-frequency characteristics of winter-time cold air activity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the impacts of low-frequency variation of the Siberian High [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(3): 485-496.
[7]	ZHANG Junhua, LI Guodong, WANG Yansong, ZHU Lianqi, ZHAO Wenliang, DING Yapeng. Spatial characteristics and variation mechanism of different soil organic carbon components in the alluvial/sedimentary zone of the Yellow River [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(3): 558-570.
[8]	ZHANG Jie, SHI Peijun, YANG Jing, GONG Daoyi. The impact of the urbanization process on rainfall in Beijing:A case study of 7.21 rainstorm [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(1): 113-125.
[9]	WANG Xiangdong, LIU Xiaoqian, PEI Tao, WANG Zhenbo. Potential evaluation of urban land intensive use in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on measurement of technical efficiency [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(9): 1853-1865.
[10]	LI Bo,LI Qihang,SUN Wei. Analysis of financing costs of industrial enterprises in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from geographic perspective [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(6): 1149-1162.
[11]	Zhi QIAO, Ningyu HUANG, Xinliang XU, Zongyao SUN, Chen WU, Jun YANG. Spatio-temporal pattern and evolution of the urban thermal landscape in metropolitan Beijing between 2003 and 2017 [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(3): 475-489.
[12]	ZHANG Yanji,QIN Bo,ZHU Chunwu. The impact of urban built environment on criminal behavior and residential security in Beijing [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(2): 238-252.
[13]	WANG Liang,LIU Hui. The comprehensive evaluation of regional resources and environmental carrying capacity based on PS-DR-DP theoretical model [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(2): 340-352.
[14]	SUN Si'ao, ZHENG Xiangyi, LIU Haimeng. Local and distant virtual water trades in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(12): 2631-2645.
[15]	ZHOU Chunshan,JIN Wanfu,ZHANG Guojun,LI Ming,WANG Shaojian. Spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of state owned construction land supply in China [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(1): 16-31.

Spatial-temporal characteristics of PM2.5 in Beijing in 2013

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 46

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Spatial-temporal characteristics of PM_2.5 in Beijing in 2013