Acta Geographica Sinica ›› 2015, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (1): 73-84.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201501006
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Received:
2014-04-10
Revised:
2014-11-24
Online:
2015-01-20
Published:
2015-01-20
Xianke SUN, Xueli ZHANG. Cracking the root of the Two Theory Systems on eolian sand movement mechanism from an innovative perspective[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(1): 73-84.
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Tab.1
Comparison of four divergences of two theory systems on eolian sand movement
分歧论点名称 | 风沙物理学论点 | 风沙地理学论点 |
---|---|---|
1.对沙粒起动的不同认知 | 1.曾就沙粒起动和沙粒输移分别进行研究,但不曾认为沙粒起动是风沙运动内核。 2.不认为流体起动和跃移质冲击起动存在本质区别。 3.否认流体起动的重要作用,过份夸大跃移质冲击起动作用。将两种起动看成是取代与被取代关系。 4.将两种起动效能之比定为19:1。 | 1.提出沙粒起动是风沙运动的内核,强调两种起动对风沙运动起核心作用。 2.认为两种起动存在本质区别。界定流体起动为风蚀性起动,具有主动分异性;跃移质冲击起动为置换性起动,只有随机分异性。 3.认为流体起动贯穿于风沙运动的全程。否认跃移质冲击可以取代流体起动。把两种起动关系界定为互促互滞互衰兴衰与共的命运共同体。 4.两种起动效能之比约为4:1左右。 |
2.对混合沙输沙率增大的不同理解 | 1.就输移论输移,不考虑输移与起动的关系。 2.认为混合沙输沙率增大是跃移质反跳数量增多、反跳高度增大、反跳距离拉长的结果。 3.他把有利于输移的表现看作是源,而不认为是流。 | 1.没有起动便没有输移。起动是源,输移是流。跃移质反跳有利于输移,但它不是源而是流。 2.混合沙床有利于流体起动,不利于跃移质冲击起动。跃移质反跳是其冲击受阻未能起动沙粒的表现。 3.在同等风速下流体起动沙粒数量增多是导致混合沙输沙率增大的根本原因。 |
3.对沙纹成因的不同解释 | 1.单纯地就沙纹论沙纹,不将沙纹成因同风沙动动中已知的许多运动规律(如沙粒有两种起动、有3种基本运动方式,风沙运动伴有沙粒分选,以及风成沙地地形存在1/10定律[ 2.孤立地认为,沙纹是跃移质按等量、等高、等距三个相等的特性轨迹依次向下风区沙床表面进行冲击的结果。 | 1.认为沙纹是风力塑造的最小风积地形,是沙粒群体有序移动最小独立单元。它的形成受风沙运动各种基本规律相制约。 2.沙纹是风和风沙流通过沙粒两种起动对沙质地表进行作用和反作用的结果,而不是跃移质单一作用的结果。 3.根据用胡杨絮野外观测,气流在前进中受重力作用向地面俯冲,受阻后又向上反弹。沙纹成波状排列主要是贴地面气流一俯一扬波浪式前进的反映。 |
4.对跃移质性能的不同认知 | 1.夸大跃移质的作用。认为跃移质可以代替风沙流的作用。把跃移质选为影响风沙运动的五大主导因子之一(把风、跃移质、地表颗粒粒配、局地地形起伏和风沙运动状态共同列为影响风沙运动的五大主导因子)。 2.不认为跃移质具有双重性。认为跃移对地表只有侵蚀作用而无促积作用;对流体起动只有取代作用,而无促进作用。 | 1.不认为跃移质是影响风沙运动的五大因子之一,它无法取代风沙流。把风、沙源、下垫面、风沙流、沙地地表形态选为构成风沙运动的五大主导因子。用风沙流取代跃移质。 2.认为跃移质具有双重性,既可侵蚀地表,也可导致地表出现沙粒沉积;既可阻滞流体起动,也可促进流体起动。左右其发挥何种作用的关键在于气流含沙饱和程度。不了解跃移质的双重性就无法将其应用于治沙生产实践。 |
Tab.3
Sand-grading situation in different positions of barchan dune and sand lines in Minqin desert experimental station
采样编号 | 迎风坡 的部位 | 沙纹的大小 | 沙纹不同部位粒配状况 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
波峰处 | 波谷处 | ||||||||
波长/cm | 波高/cm | 粒径/mm | 比例/% | 粒径/mm | 比例/% | ||||
1 | 下 部 | 95 | 9 | <0.5 | 25 | < 0.5 | 59.0 | ||
0.5~2.0 | 75.0 | 0.5~2.0 | 41.0 | ||||||
2 | 中 部 | 40 | 4 | <0.4 | 67.3 | < 0.4 | 92.3 | ||
0.4~2.0 | 32.7 | 0.4~2.0 | 7.7 | ||||||
3 | 上 部 | 10 | 微痕 | <0.25 | 99 | <0.25 | 99 | ||
0.25~0.4 | 1 | 0.25~0.4 | 1 |
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