Acta Geographica Sinica ›› 2014, Vol. 69 ›› Issue (8): 1060-1068.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201408003
Special Issue: 人地系统
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:
2014-06-18
Revised:
2014-08-02
Online:
2014-08-20
Published:
2014-08-20
Jie FAN. Frontier approach of the sustainable process and pattern of human-environment system[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(8): 1060-1068.
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Tab. 1
Practical methods of comprehensive or integrative research on human-environment system from Chinese human geographers
研究方法 | 主要应用领域 | 存在问题 | 产生问题的成因 |
---|---|---|---|
过程归纳 | 凝练普适性规律 | 现状研究难以照搬 预测研究难以顺延 | 影响因素和机制发生变化 |
区域比较 | 解析相似研究对象 | 教条机械 | 可比较性可信程度有限、时空分异考虑不足 |
定性分析 | 探究复杂对象内在相互作用关系和机制 | 定性结论的科学性欠缺 定量结论的精准性欠缺 | 作用机理和数理关系不清 |
逻辑判断 | 诊断问题和调控预测 | 结果多样、共识程度低 | 局限在科学哲学层面的宏观思维 |
Tab. 2
Some frontier approaches on the human-environment system according to the author's work
人地系统研究 科学难点 | 中国发展 需求热点 | 人文地理学 学科前沿问题 | 过程格局的 基础性研究 | 实践应用的 社会贡献 |
---|---|---|---|---|
区域均衡基本 原理 | 区域分工合作与差异化区域发展模式 | 区域发展综合均衡模型、立体区域经济均衡模型 | 影响区域发展格局变化“过程”的驱动力研究 | 国土空间开发格局优化原则、京津冀都市圈区域规划、广西西江经济带规划 |
人地相互作用 机理 | 人口经济与资源环境相协调 | 资源环境承载能力评价原理与方法 | 影响人地系统分布“格局”的关键自然要素研究 | 汶川、玉树、舟曲、芦山重建规划的基础工作 |
综合地理区划 方法 | 产业、城镇布局和国土安全格局 | 地域功能生成机理和空间组织方式 | 揭示功能“格局”分异规律的综合研究 | 国家和省级主体功能区规划基本原理和技术方法 |
空间结构有序化 过程 | 开发强度管制和资源合理利用 | 空间结构的数量比例关系表达 | 影响空间结构变化“过程”的综合研究 | 广东省国土规划、辽宁省海岸带保护和利用规划研制 |
Tab. 3
Key issues of regional sustainable development research based on geography
地域 (陆地表层)—人地关系—可持续发展 | |
---|---|
因素与机理 (科学研究的一般范畴) | 区域可持续发展 (社会—环境) 动力学、影响人地系统变化的因素与机理及其时空分异规律、资源环境承载—响应—适应,人文因素作用的不确定性,等等 |
功能与系统 (地理科学的基本范畴) | 地域功能生成和演化、“点—轴—面”空间结构、“生活—生产—生态”空间比例的时空特征、人地关系地域系统的功能和质量、优化调控的关键政策阀门,等等 |
过程与格局 (地理科学的基本范畴) | 自然圈和人文圈相互作用、实体空间和非实体空间相互作用、区域依赖性、流空间过程和格局、不同区位原理的空间耦合、综合地理区划原理和方法,等等 |
尺度与界面 (地理科学的特殊范畴) | 区位到空间结构的集成、不同空间尺度地域功能和结构的转换、人文—自然界面对地理过程和格局的作用、人文界面 (线) 对物质和非物质流的作用,等等 |
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