延河流域景观格局与生态水文过程分析

doi:10.11821/dlxb201407006

Abstract

Abstract:

As a typical experimental Soil and Water Conservation District, the Yanhe River basin has long been plagued by soil erosion due to severe human disturbances. The 'Grain-For-Green' project has been practiced to increase grain yield to feed the mass population in starvation and curbed the continually deteriorating ecological situation. It is importantly scientific to explore watershed landscape pattern and hydrological processes. Exerting remote sensing and geographic information technology, this paper firstly analyzed simulated ecological hydrological process in the Yanhe River basin based on SWAT model. On this basis, it applied landscape indices method, land use change on eco-hydrological processes was quantitatively described, particularly those soil erosion influences caused by the change of landscape pattern with the complicated topography and soil type status; then we defined the landscape unit including topography, soil and land use/land cover change (LUCC) information, constructed a comprehensive landscape indices which was closely related to soil erosion, and reflected the coupling relationship between regional landscape pattern change and soil erosion. The results are as follows: (1) this paper constituted the spatial heterogeneity of hydrological response units (HRUs) by several factors such as land use type, soil type, topography, etc. At the landscape level, seven landscape indices were selected with principal component factor analysis, which are DCAD, GYRATE_SD, COHESION, SHEI, TCA, PAFRAC, IJI, etc. Coupled analysis on relationships of landscape indices, annual runoff and annual sediment in each sub-basin, the correlation coefficient of seven selected landscape indices and runoff is very small and cannot pass all significant tests. But correlation among the indices except for TCA and IJI and sediment yield is significant; the absolute value of the correlation coefficient is between 0.3 and 0.5. (2) This paper built Slope-HRU landscape index: coupling relationship between Slope-HRU landscape indices and annual sediment in each sub-basin is very comprehensible, and correlation coefficient is -0.6, which is significantly negatively correlated. Based on 'source-sink' landscape theory of soil erosion, Slope-HRU landscape index was fabricated to reflect the relationship between landscape pattern and soil erosion process to a certain extent. According to the space distribution of R value of Slope-HRU landscape index in 41 sub-basins, the results showed that: in the sub-basin scale, Slope-HRU landscape indices and annual sediment have obvious regional differentiation regularity. And R value spatial variation of Slope-HRU landscape indices and the variation of annual sediment amount were on contrary. On the other hand, the R value increased from southeast to northwest, with annual sediment decreasing from southeast to northwest.

Key words: Yanhe River basin, landscape pattern, hydrological processes, hydrological response units (HRUs), landscape index

Jing LI, Zixiang ZHOU. Landscape pattern and hydrological processes in Yanhe River basin of China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(7): 933-944.

Figures/Tables 9

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景观指数	独立核心斑块密度 (DCAD)	回旋半径 (GYRATE_SD)	连通度指数 (COHESION)	香农均匀度指数 (SHEI)	总核心面积 (TCA)	周长—面积分形维数 (PAFRAC)	散布与并列指数 (IJI)
径流深	-0.127	0.057	0.156	-0.139	-0.102	-0.016	-0.288
产沙量	-0.502^**	0.335^*	0.428^**	0.340^*	-0.186	-0.397^*	0.233

		源景观 (M)	汇景观 (N)	Slope-HRU景观指数 (R)	径流量	产沙量
源景观 (M)	Pearson 相关性	1	0.809**	0.429**	-0.075	0.320*
	显著性 (双侧)		0.000	0.005	0.640	0.041
	N	41	41	41	41	41
汇景观 (N)	Pearson 相关性	0.809**	1	-0.072	-0.129	-0.022
	显著性 (双侧)	0.000		0.656	0.420	0.890
	N	41	41	41	41	41
Slope-HRU景观指数 (R)	Pearson 相关性	0.429**	-0.072	1	0.069	-0.600**
	显著性 (双侧)	0.005	0.656		0.669	0.000
	N	41	41	41	41	41
径流量	Pearson 相关性	-0.075	-0.129	0.069	1	-0.077
	显著性 (双侧)	0.640	0.420	0.669		0.633
	N	41	41	41	41	41
产沙量	Pearson 相关性	0.320*	-0.022	-0.600**	-0.077	1
	显著性 (双侧)	0.041	0.890	0.000	0.633
	N	41	41	41	41	41

相关系数	周长面积分维Slope-HRU景观格局指数 (PAFRAC-R)	独立核心斑块密度Slope-HRU景观格局指数 (DCAD-R)	连通度Slope-HRU景观格局指数 (COHESION-R)	核心斑块总面积Slope-HRU景观格局指数 (TCA-R)	散布与并列Slope-HRU景观格局指数 (IJI-R)	回旋半径Slope-HRU景观格局指数 (GYRATE-R)	香农均匀度Slope-HRU景观格局指数 (SHEI-R)	独立核心斑块密度-周长面积分维-Slope-HRU景观格局指数 (DCAD-PAFRAC-R)
径流量	0.067	0.025	0.083	-0.041	0.027	0.096	0.049	0.024
产沙量	-0.601^**	-0.626^**	-0.580^**	-0.431^**	-0.587^**	-0.550^**	-0.572^**	-0.626^**

Landscape pattern and hydrological processes in Yanhe River basin of China

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